Manifest Destiny I
¼ of the Cherokee tribe died during this 800 mile trip, which was made on foot and with little protection from bandits.
What is the Trail of Tears?
These early pioneers settled on lands they did not own, and wanted to buy land directly from the federal government before it was surveyed.
What are squatters?
This senator (also a VP under JQA and Andrew Jackson) was a strong defender of slavery and fought for the interests of white Southerners. He heavily influenced the South's views on secession and rejected the Compromise of 1850.
Identify his name, political party, and state.
Who is John C. Calhoun (D-SC)?
This is the issue most at the heart of the sectional divide in the United States during the 1830s-1840s.
What is slavery?
This conflict erupted after American citizens moved to a territory and refused to comply with a set of rules, including the outlawing of slavery.
What is the Texas Revolution?
These two people were led through the North American interior by a Native woman from the Shoshone tribe who acted as their guide and interpreter. They were looking for a water route to the Pacific Ocean.
Who were Lewis and Clark?
This is the idea that people living in a territory had the right to decide by voting whether or not slavery would be allowed there.
What is popular sovereignty?
This was a common motivation for everyday people who wanted to move west and were not financially stable.
What is debt?
This animal was a essential part of life for Native people living in the Great Plains. U.S. settlers and the U.S. Army slaughtered these animals by the millions.
What is the American bison, or buffalo?
This statesman was known for defusing sectional crises, and he earned the appellation of the "Great Compromiser." He was heavily influential in creating the Missouri Compromise and the Compromise of 1850.
Identify his name, political party, and state.
Who is Henry Clay (DR-KY)?
This was the first incident of large-scale bloodshed (that wasn't a slave revolt) over the issue of slavery in the United States.
What is Bleeding Kansas?
This conflict was fought with an independent power, and resulted in that nation losing significant territory to the United States.
What is the Mexican-American War?
This land acquisition was made in 1803, and offered 827,000 square miles of land west of the Mississippi River for $15 million.
What is the Louisiana Purchase?
This slogan was coined by President James K. Polk to describe the U.S.' desires during the political conflict with Britain over the boundaries of the Oregon Territory.
What is 54° 40' or Fight?
These people were early pioneers who traveled in wagon trains, and took various land trails out to the western territories.
Who are Overlanders?
This new Christian denomination was led by a man who claimed to be a prophet. The group he founded moved West to escape religious persecution
(Identify the man AND the group!)
Who are Joseph Smith and the Mormons?
This senator is known for successfully getting the Compromise of 1850 passed by breaking it up into different parts, and coming up with a bill to convince the South to give up the transcontinental railroad.
Identify his name, political party, and state.
Who is Stephen A. Douglas (D-IL)?
This compromise prohibited (disallowed) slavery in the states and territories north of the 36° 30' parallel.
What is the Missouri Compromise?
This slogan was often written on the doors of abandoned houses or posted as a sign after emigrants (many of them fleeing debt) moved to a western territory that had been opened to settlement.
What is G.T.T. - Gone to Texas?
This place became the 31st state in 1850 after the sudden massive influx of settlers moving west in search of fortune, and increased sectional tension.
What is California?
This treaty added 525,000 square miles to United States territory, including the land that makes up all or parts of present-day AZ, CA, CO, NV, NM, UT, and WY. Mexico also gave up all claims to Texas and recognized the Rio Grande as the southern U.S. boundary.
What is the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo?
This tool was pulled by horses or mules, and allowed farmers to harvest more grain with far less effort.
What is Cyrus McCormick's mechanical reaper?
This period of religious revival drove settlers west during this time period, saying that God wanted the United States to expand from coast to coast.
What is the Second Great Awakening?
This president oversaw the dispute with Britain over the rights to the Oregon Territory and was known for his expansionist policies.
Who is James K. Polk?
This method was used to determine whether or not the Utah Territory and New Mexico Territory would permit slavery.
What is popular sovereignty?
This conflict between an imperial power and its former colony led to independence for the colony, and prompted the new country to open up settlement in order to increase revenue via land grants.
What is Mexican Independence?
This man was the first elected president of the Republic of Texas.
Who is Sam Houston?
This treaty settled the dispute over the location of the Mexican border west of El Paso, TX, and established the final boundaries of the contiguous (connected or touching) United States. This treaty helped the U.S. gain land that it intended to use to build the transcontinental railroad.
What is the Gadsden Purchase?
This event sparked an emigration of a diverse group of people who wanted to profit from the event and get rich quick, which led to the territory eventually being admitted to the union as a free state.
What is the California Gold Rush?
This was the second-largest group of immigrants to arrive between 1830-1860. They generally had money on hand and were skilled workers who could afford to go west and buy land.
Who are German immigrants?
This large-scale national infrastructure project was meant to facilitate (make easier) the goals of Manifest Destiny, but became the roots of a major sectional conflict and led to a northern Democratic senator being called a "traitor."
What is the transcontinental railroad?
This bill was proposed by Stephen A. Douglas, and ensured that the transcontinental railroad would start in his home state instead of in the South. The bill caused a significant increase in sectionalism and led to Bleeding Kansas.
What is the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854?
The U.S. acquired this territory in 1819 after years of negotiations under Secretary of State JQA. General Andrew Jackson was eventually appointed the military governor of the territory after he invaded it.
What is Spanish Florida?
This is what Mexico called the treaty that resulted in the loss of California and New Mexico to the United States, a loss that soured diplomatic relations going forward.
What is the Great Amputation?
This idea declared the Western Hemisphere off-limits to further colonization and helped develop the future of the U.S. foreign policy of isolationism and neutrality towards European conflicts.
What is the Monroe Doctrine?
These five land-based trails were the major routes of transportation to settle the western territories.
Identify all five.
What are the Santa Fe, Oregon, Mormon, Old Spanish, and California Trails?
This Supreme Court decision declared that the Native tribes were legally their own distinct, sovereign nations, and that states did not have the right to conduct diplomatic relations with them.
What is the Cherokee Nation vs. Georgia?
This man refused to enforce an 1832 Supreme Court ruling that the states did not have the right to impose regulations on Native American land, saying, "John Marshall has made his decision; now let him enforce it."
Who is President Andrew Jackson?
This political deal included as one of its parts the creation of a Fugitive Slave Act, which required citizens to assist in apprehending runaway slaves, denied enslaved people a right to trial by jury, and required that slaves be returned to their owners, even if they were in a free state.
What is the Compromise of 1850?
More than 250,000 settlers went west to this place between 1840 and 1860, and many of the early settlers were missionaries who sought to convert Native people to Christianity.
What is Oregon?
Who declined the first offer to annex the Republic of Texas, wanting to avoid conflict with Mexico?
Who is Andrew Jackson?
This bill was designed to eliminate slavery within the land acquired as a result of the Mexican-American War (1846-48) and further enflamed the growing sectionalism over slavery.
What is the Wilmot Proviso?