What is the system created so that no branch would become too powerful?
What is Checks and Balances
100
What part of the government is in charge of carrying out the laws?
What is Executive Branch
100
What was the tax on imported goods that is intended to protect a nation’s businesses from foreign competition?
What is Protective Tariff
100
What was the 1797 incident in which 3 unnamed French officials demanded a bribe from U.S. diplomats?
What is XYZ Affair
100
The 1803 purchase by the United States of France’s Louisiana Territory— extending from the Mississippi River to the Rocky Mountains—for $15 million was called______________________.
What is Louisiana Purchase
200
2) What is the agreement in which 5 slaves would only count as 3 people when counting the population?
What is Three-Fifths Compromise
200
What was the document, adopted by the Second Continental Congress in 1777 and finally approved by the states in 1781, that outlined the first form of government of the new United States?
What is Articles of Confederation
200
A tax on the production, sale, or consumption of goods produced within a country is known as the ______________________.
What is Excise Tax
200
Who was the second President of the United States?
What is John Adams
200
What was the Supreme Court’s power to review and declare an act of Congress unconstitutional?
What is Judicial Review
300
What was the name of the proposal by James Madison as an agreement between the people who proposed the Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan?
What is Great Compromise
300
Who were the supporters of the Constitution and of a strong national government?
What is Federalist
300
Who was the first treasury secretary of the United States?
What is Alexander Hamilton
300
A group of judges appointed by John Adams in the last hours of his administration were called _________________.
What is Midnight Judges
300
The use of ships or troops to prevent movement into and out of a port or region using soldiers or ships controlled by a hostile nation is known as _________________.
What is blockade
400
What is the part of the government that is in charge of interpreting and making sure the laws are constitutional?
What is Judicial Branch
400
What was the title of the group of department heads who serve as the president’s chief advisors?
What is cabinet
400
What was a state’s refusal to recognize an act of Congress that it considers unconstitutional called?
What is nullification
400
____________________ was a 1803 case in which the Supreme Court ruled that it had the power to deny legislative acts by declaring them unconstitutional; this power came to be known as judicial review.
What is Marbury v. Madison
400
What is a truce, or agreement to end an armed conflict?
What is armistice
500
Which part of the government is in charge of creating laws?
What is Legislative Branch
500
A political system dominated by two major parties is known as the __________________________.
What is Two Party System
500
What were a series of four laws enacted in 1798 to reduce the political power of recent immigrants to the United States?
What is Alien and Sedition Acts
500
What is a refusal to take part in a war between other nations?
What is neutrality
500
The first ten amendments to the Constitution, which protected individual and state rights, are called the _________________.