Vocab 1
Mandatory enlistment for military service
Draft
Militarism
The use of armed forces as a tool for diplomacy
The battle where Americans defended the Marne River and earned the nickname "Rock of Marne" for stopping the final German advance.
What was the Battle of Château-Thierry?
Which president is known for his use of the "Great White Fleet" to show the power of the U.S. military?
Theodore Roosevelt
Who was president for the Spanish-American War AND the Philippine-American War?
William McKinley
Which of the following was a reason for the U.S. to transition from isolationism to imperialism?
A. America wanted to conquer both Canada and Mexico
B. To avoid foreign trade
C. Needed new markets to sell factory goods and farm crops overseas
C. Needed new markets to sell factory goods and farm crops overseas
Which alliance included Germany, the Ottoman Empire, and Austria-Hungary in WWI?
A. Triple Alliance
B. Central Powers
C. Triple Entente
B. Central Powers
One of Woodrow Wilson's Fourteen Points was to create a "universal league of nations."
True
Policy followed by powerful countries that seek to control the economic and political affairs of weaker countries or regions
Armistice
Agreement to stop fighting
This was the final, deadliest U.S.-led offensive that helped break the German Hindenburg Line and end the war.
What was the Meuse-Argonne Offensive?
Who led the Cuban revolt against Spanish rule that contributed to the Spanish-American War?
Jose Marti
This president used "Dollar Diplomacy" which was mostly a failure and fostered anti-American sentiment in Nicaragua, China, and the Dominican Republic.
William Howard Taft
The U.S. Navy forced open trade and modernization in which nation in 1854, making it a "Sphere of Influence"?
A. Cuba
B. Japan
C. Hawaii
B. Japan
In WWI trench warfare, what was the term for the deadly area between the enemy firing lines?
A. Reserve Trench
B. Front Line Trench
C. No-Man's Land
C. No-Man's Land
The U.S. government raised money for WWI mostly through war bonds.
True
Policy of having little to do with foreign nations
Isolationism
Sphere of Influence
Area where a country asserts dominance
A WWI campaign that involved ANZAC forces failing to take Ottoman Turkey and resulting in high casualties.
What was the Gallipoli Campaign?
Which individual led the Filipino Revolt after the Spanish-American War?
Emilio Aguinaldo
Which Russian leader and his family were executed by communists?
Tsar Nicholas II (Romanov)
Which of the following was a cause of the Spanish-American War?
A. The Rough Riders captured San Juan Hill
B. The U.S. acquired Alaska from Russia
C. The USS Maine exploded near Cuba
C. The USS Maine exploded near Cuba
What WWI weapon was the defensive core of the trenches due to its ability to "mow down" advancing armies?
A. Machine gun
B. Grenade
C. Artillery
A. Machine gun
November 11th, 1918 is celebrated today in the U.S as Memorial Day.
False (Veterans Day)
Name and briefly describe at least 5 new technologies used during WW1.
1. Tanks
2. Machine guns (sub, light, and heavy)
3. Gas
4. Planes and airships
5. Periscopes
6. Sniper scopes
7. Self-loading rifles
Pride in one's country
Nationalism
Protectorate
Nation whose independence is limited by a more powerful one
Germany destroys the Russian army, securing the Eastern Front.
What was the Battle of Tannenberg?
Which military figure led both the Buffalo Soldiers and the AEF (American Expeditionary Forces)?
General John Pershing
Woodrow Wilson's conflicts with Mexico led to a hunt for which Mexican revolutionary?
Pancho Villa
What term describes the sensationalist newspaper writing, often associated with William Randolph Hearst, that helped push for war with Spain?
A. Watchdog Journalism
B. Yellow Journalism
C. Militarism
B. Yellow Journalism
Which of the following involved Germany proposing an alliance between itself and Mexico?
A. De Lome Letter
B. Zimmermann Telegram
C. Kultur
B. Zimmermann Telegram
Isolationism was a cause of WW1.
False (Militarism, Alliances, Imperialism, Nationalism)
Explain how these technologies differed from those used in previous wars, how they affected the structure of the battlefield, and how it changed the way soldiers fought each other.
1. Tanks
2. Machine guns (sub, light, and heavy)
3. Gas
4. Planes and airships
5. Periscopes
6. Sniper scopes
7. Self-loading rifles
Situation where neither side can advance
Stalemate
Reparations
Payments from a defeated nation to a victorious nation to pay for losses suffered during the war
A 1917 battle where a British offensive failed in the mud, though Canadian forces did capture a village.
What was the Battle of Passchendaele?
What nationality was Gavrilo Princip, the assassin of Archduke Franz Ferdinand?
Bosnian Serb
The Russian Revolution began with riots in Russia turning into a revolution led by whom?
Vladimir Lenin
What was the primary cause of death for soldiers during the Spanish-American War?
A. Bayonet wounds
B. Starvation
C. Disease
C. Disease
What acts were implemented to deal with Americans protesting the war?
A. The Riot Act
B. War Bonds Acts
C. Sedition and Espionage Acts
C. Sedition and Espionage Acts
Name and explain 5 events that led to America's transformation from isolationism to imperialism.
1. Neutrality Proclamation
2. Louisiana Purchase
3. Monroe Doctrine
4. Mexican-American War
5. Overthrowing of Hawaii
6. Opening of Japan
7. Alaska Purchase
8. Spanish-American War
9. Philippine-American War
10. Conflicts with Mexico
11. WW1
To incorporate territory into another entity
Annex
Alliance
A formal agreement between nations
The longest and bloodiest of WWI, in which the German general Falkenhayn tried to "bleed France to death."
What was the Battle of Verdun?
Explain how the presidents of the late 1800's and early 1900s (McKinley, Roosevelt, Taft, and Wilson) applied their forms of diplomacy to expand and maintain the influence of "the American Empire."
1. McKinley: Declared war on Spain
2. Roosevelt: Big Stick Diplomacy
3. Taft: Dollar Diplomacy
4. Wilson: Moral Diplomacy