Let's Get Political
The President who launched Brain Research through Advancing Innovative Neurotechnologies, or BRAIN for short.
Who is President (Barack) Obama?
The definition of perturbing.
What is changing or altering something to see what changes occur?
A quaint, hugely popular, and hugely inaccurate noninvasive means of neuroimaging, an early theory of localization.
What is Phrenology?
The name for any type of neuroscience that employs mathematical models, computer simulations, or theoretical analysis.
What is computational neuroscience?
An invasive approach to BMI, as opposed to surface detectors.
What is a brain implant?
One outcome project of BRAIN Initiative that is working on a big brain map.
What is Human Connectome Project?
TMS (Transcranial magnetic stimulation) is approved by the FDA to treat this.
What is depression?
One images only the structure, the other senses blood oxygen content, and thus blood flow.
What is the primary difference between MRI and FMRI?
______ _______ ______ can be used to simulate the interactions between brain cells, thus assisting with AI models.
What are Artificial Neural Networks?
Imagination, creativity, and uniqueness are roadblocks to this technology.
What is AI?
BRAIN Initiative involved this group of institutions (specified in material) as well as experts from many other research groups.
What is NIH (Northern Industrial Hardware... Er, National Institutes of Health)
Doctor and patient duo: These dudes are responsible for the name of an area of the brain largely responsible for speech, named after the doctor, of course. (I'm looking for names)
Who are Doc. Paul Broca and Patient Tan?
1920s saw the invention of the EEG (Electroencephalogram) machine by this psychiatrist and inventor.
Who is Hans Berger?
This technology, relating to a medical field subjective to each patient, was developed in the 2010s
What is Computational Psychiatry?
These two noninvasive methods allow psychologists and neuroscientists to temporarily perturb the brain.
What are TMS (Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation) and tDCS (Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation)?
The year BRAIN Initiative funding began.
What is 2014?
This perturbance method involves introducing new, light-sensitive DNA into the brain.
What is Optogenetics?
Research by US military and non-profits in BMI/BCI began in this decade.
What is the 1970s?
These are the two famous games where a computer deep neural network beat a human player
What are Go and Chess?
The name of the dude who used early microscopes to see neurons and propose the idea of neural networks.
Who is Santiago Ramon y Cajal?
Funding for the BRAIN Initiative grossed up to this much moolah.
What is $46 million
The beginning of the 19th century offered this painful and surprisingly techy way of perturbing the cerebral cortex.
What is Electrical Brain Stimulation (EBS)?
BRAIN Initiative funded researchers at this university developed neuroprosthetic technology that translates brain activity into speech.
What is University of California, San Francisco?
These are the respective years of the Deep Neural Network's victory against human players.
What are 1996 and 2015?
The name of the primary light-sensitive pigment used in optogenetic perturbance.
What is Channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2)?