Philosophers
Which Enlightenment thinker argued for the separation of powers in government?
Montesquieu
Written by John Locke and talks about Natural Rights. (Life, Liberty, Property)
Two Treatises on Government
The idea that people exchange rights and freedoms to live in a society defines what ideology?
Social Contract
Government in which one person holds power, often after having seized power.
Dictatorship
What are the branches of government
Executive, legislative, judicial
Which Enlightenment thinker argued for the social contract?
Rousseau
This document proposed an early form of federalism, with a new government resting on the 13 colonies.
Albany Plan of Union
This principle says that government powers (branches) should be separate.
Separation of powers
Government in which people vote to select people to represent them.
Representative Democracy
What is the job of the legislative branch?
Make/write laws
Which Enlightenment thinker believed in the separation of Church and state?
Voltaire
This document was a framework of government and the first constitution in history.
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
This concept argues that the people living under a government ought agree to the control that government will exert over their lives.
Consent of the governed.
Government in which a monarch shares power
Constitutional Monarchy
What is the job of the Executive branch?
Enforce/carry out laws
Which Enlightenment thinker believed the government exists to protect people's rights.
Locke
This document was one of the earliest examples of colonial self-government.
Mayflower Compact
According to the Divine Right of Kings, who allows kings to hold their power?
God
Government where an official claiming to be a representative of God in in power.
Theocracy
What is the job of the judicial branch?
Interpret laws/ determine constitutionality
What Enlightenment thinker served as the primary author of the Declaration of Independence?
Why did Patrick Henry refer to God in his famous "Give me Liberty or Give me Death" speech?
Appeal to authority.
Asking for divine reassurance in his cause.
What is an inalienable right?
A right that cannot be taken away. (Life, Liberty, Pursuit of Happiness)
Government where a monarch does not share power.
Absolute monarchy
How does the judicial branch check the legislative branch
Judicial Review