EBP Concepts
These kinds of questions ask for specific knowledge about issues related to managing a patient with a disorder.
What are foreground questions?
This study design attempts to obtain greater statistical power than could be achieved by individual small studies.
What is a meta-analysis?
A database that allows search by Therapeutic approach, Clinical problem, Body part and Physical Therapy specialty .
What is the PEDro?
A systematic tendency to produce an outcome that differs from the underlying truth.
What is bias?
This occurs when a measure possesses a distinct upper limit for potential responses and a large concentration of participants score at or near this limit.
What is Ceiling effect?
Patient/problem, intervention, comparison and outcome
What are the parts of the PICO?
A study design that involves an intervention (an investigator-controlled maneuver, such as a drug, a procedure or a treatment) and investigates the effect the intervention has on the study subjects.
What is an experimental or controlled trial study.
A terminology used by PubMed that provides a consistent way to retrieve published articles that may use different terminology for the same concept.
What is a subject heading or MeSH term?
The key issues of internal validity for a therapy study (3 requirements for proving causality).
What are temporal precedence, covariation of cause and effect and no plausible alternative explanations?
Do not reject null hypothesis when it is false.
When do we commit the Type II error?
The 4 most common types of questions asked.
What are therapy, diagnosis, etiology (harm) and prognosis?
Starts with an exposure and follows the patients forward to observe outcomes
What is a cohort study?
Collection of databases focusing on clinical trials and systematic reviews.
What is the Cochrane Library?
Analyzing all patients based on their initial randomization group.
What is intention-to-treat?
Quantifies the uncertainty in measurements by indicating the range within which the true value may lie.
What is a confidence interval?
The 5 steps in the EBM cycle.
What is Ask, Acquire, Appraise, Apply, and Act?
Starts with an outcome and looks back to identify an exposure.
What is a case-control study?
AND, OR, NOT, “.”, ( ), Near, Limit etc.
What are Boolean Operator terms?
People involved in the study are not aware of who has been assigned to the treatment and to the control.
What is blinding/masking?
Refers to the probability that any particular outcome would have arisen by chance.
What is a P value?
Components of the decision model for EBM.
What are clinical expertise, research evidence, patient values and (social, cultural, economic and political) context of practice?
Case-series, case-control, cross-sectional and cohort studies.
What are observational studies?
A database that make it easier for PTs to use the best available evidence in patient care by creating clinical summaries, and leads PTs to external resources that have been vetted for relevance and credibility
What is PTNow?
Making sure that those making decisions about patient eligibility and enrollment are unaware of the arm of the study to which the patient will be assigned.
What is concealed allocation?
The minimum amount of change in a patient's score that ensures the change isn't the result of measurement error.
What is Minimal Detectable Change ?