relative clause
What relative pronouns do we use for people and things?
People: who/that
Things: which/that
We NEVER add comma to separate _________________ relative clause from the rest of the sentence.
defining
Gordon Ramsay is opening a restaurant in Hong Kong. (He is a famous chef.)
Gordon Ramsay, who is a famous chef, is opening a restaurant in Hong Kong.
The student is missing. (The student is responsible for the sports team.)
The student who is responsible for the sports team is missing.
The girl who is singing next to the MTR station is being surrounded by people.
The girl is being surrounded by people. (She is singing next to the MTR station.)
Name two other relative pronouns that applies two people other than 'who'.
whom, whose
Is this a defining or non-defining relative clause?
Adrian, who works in the hospital, is the smartest in the family.
Non-defining relative clause
The kid is sent to the police station. (His parents are missing.)
The kid whose parents are missing is sent to the police station.
Disneyland is packed with visitors during weekends. (It is a family-friendly park.)
Disneyland, which is a family-friendly park, is packed with visitors during weekends.
Jeans, which many teenagers wear, were originally designed for workers.
Jeans were originally designed for workers. (Many teenagers wear them.)
We use relative clause to describe the ___________ in the main clause.
noun
Which relative pronoun is NOT used in non-defining relative clause?
that
Yuka is in the playground now. (We just talked to Yuka.)
Yuka, whom we just talked to, is in the playground now.
Izzy likes the dog. (Asher played with it the day before.)
Izzy likes the dog which/that Asher played with the day before.
This radio show that I am listening to is the most popular in Hong Kong.
This radio show is the most popular in Hong Kong. (I am listening to this radio show.)
A relative pronoun can be the ___________ or ___________ of a verb in a relative clause
subject; object
We use defining relative clause to give _____________ information. We use non-defining relative clause to give ___________ information.
We use defining relative clause to give additional important information. We use non-defining relative clause to give extra information.
We said goodbye to the staff. (The staff's shirt is black)
We said goodbye to the staff whose shirt is black.
We went to watch the new Marvel movie. (I have waited for almost a year.)
We went to watch the new Marvel movie, which I have waited for almost a year.
Nicholas, whose mother is a teacher, has the best performance in English class.
Nicholas has the best performance in English class. (His mother is a teacher.)
Charles is really nervous. (The examiner called him in.)
Charles whom the examiner called in is really nervous.
The little girl is crying loudly for help. (Her parents are missing.)
The little girl whose parents are missing is crying loudly for help.
Sally, whom we just met at the park, is getting a drink at the coffee shop.
Sally is getting a drink at the coffee shop. (We just met her at the park.)