Which local law enforcement official is responsible for serving court papers, maintaining security within courtrooms, and running the county jail?
Sheriff
100
What does the dual court system of the United States consist of
Federal and State Courts
100
True or False: The Corrections stage begins once a defendant has been convicted, but before sentencing
False
100
Nationally, crime statistics come from two major sources: the Uniform Crime Reporting Program (UCR) and
NCVS from the BJS
100
A goal of criminal sentencing that seeks to prevent a particular offender from engaging in repeat criminality is known as:
Specific Deterrence
200
What are the three major legislative levels of law enforcement?
State, federal, local
200
The primary purpose of the criminal trial is
To determine the guilt or innocence of a defendant.
200
Probation, parole, home confinement, and electronic monitoring are examples of:
Community Based Corrections
200
What describes the scientific study of the causes and prevention of crime and the rehabilitation and punishment of offenders
Criminology
200
A person who uses drugs relatively infrequently, primarily with friends, and in social contexts is known as a:
Recreational drug user
300
Unreasonable searches and seizures are prohibited by the:
Fourth Amendment
300
The three parts of the Federal Court System consists of
U.S. District Courts, U.S. Appeals Courts, and U.S. Supreme Court
300
Which intermediate sanction resembles a military-style boot camp?
Shock Incarceration
300
Which of the following is a UCR offense group reporting arrests for less serious offenses?
Part II Offenses
300
The fact-finding process by which the juvenile court determines whether or not there is sufficient evidence to sustain the allegations in a petition is known as:
Adjudicatory hearing
400
Which famous 1966 U.S. Supreme Court case required that criminal suspects be read their rights prior to being questioned by the police while in custody?
Miranda v. Arizona
400
Release on recognizance is defined as:
The pretrial release of a criminal defendant on his or her written promise to appear in court as required.
400
The socialization of inmates into the prison subculture is called:
Prisonization
400
Which amendment prohibits cruel and unusual punishment?
Eighth
400
Circumstances relating to the commission of a crime that call for a tougher sentence because of the cruelty or injury to the victim are called ______________ circumstances.
Aggravating
500
A legal term describing the ready visibility of objects that might be seized as evidence during a search by police in the absence of a search warrant specifying the seizure of those objects is known as the:
Plain View Doctrine
500
Which type of plea is most similar to a guilty plea?
Nolo Contendere
500
A(n) _________ system is used by prison administrators to assign inmates to custody levels based on offense history, assessed dangerousness, perceived risk of escape, and other factors.
Classification
500
The Bill of Rights is the popular name given to the first ________ amendments to the U.S. Constitution.
Ten
500
What is a responsive strategy to the drug usage problem that substantially reduces penalties associated with drug use but may not eliminate them entirely?