UTI in pregnancy
VUR
Acute Cystitis
Pyelonephritis
WikiGuidelines
200
Because treatment can prevent pyelonephritis and preterm birth later in pregnancy, this condition is screened for in the first trimester.
What is asymptomatic bacteriuria?
200
In an infant, fever of unknown etiology should prompt this test.
What is urinalysis and culture?
200
This is the most common infecting organism in urinary tract infections
What is Escherichia coli?
200
In the context of urinary symptoms, these symptoms signal upper UTI.
What are flank pain and fever, possibly nausea and abdominal pain?
200
For this reason, UA and/or urine culture should not be performed without symptoms of UTI.
(What is) asymptomatic bacteriuria is common in the elderly.
400
These oral antibiotics are first-line for UTI in pregnancy.
What are cephalosporins, nitrofurantoin, fosfomycin, and ampicillin?
400
For newborns with hydronephrosis, most cases are first detected by this screening modality.
What is the Standard OB Ultrasound for comprehensive fetal anatomy?
400
This first-line oral antibiotic is commonly prescribed for single-dose treatment of acute uncomplicated cystitis
What is Fosfomycin?
400
In the treatment of pyelonephritis, these two antibiotics should be avoided due to their ineffectiveness in this condition
What are Nitrofurantoin and Fosfomycin?
400
For a healthy afebrile female with acute onset of dysuria/frequency/urgency, with only trace LE/WBC's on UA, this is the management.
What are empiric antibiotics?
What are fosfomycin (single dose), TMP/SMX (3 days), and 1st generation cephalosporin
600
Asymptomatic mild-to-moderate predominantly right sided hydronephrosis should be managed this way.
What is observation?
600
After a febrile UTIs in an otherwise healthy infant, this test is indicated.
What is a renal ultrasound?
600
Due to its side effects on cognition in the elderly, this class of oral antibiotics is typically reserved for more severe cases of UTIs or when all first-line treatments are contraindicated.
What are fluoroquinolones?
600
These are the three most common infecting organisms in acute nonobstructive pyelonephritis.
What are Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, and Klebsiella pneumoniae?
600
In a patient with these alarm symptoms, empiric nitrofurantoin would allow for clinical deterioration.
What are fevers, flank pain?
800
This is a crucial consideration when treating UTIs in elderly patients due to altered pharmacokinetics
What is Renal Function Monitoring?
800
After febrile UTI(s), a VCUG is indicated under these conditions.
What are:
1. hydronephrosis or other pathology on US
2. a recurrent febrile UTI
800
In a UA for a symptomatic patient, this chemical has the greatest positive predictive value.
What are Nitrites?
800
For life-threatening infections, this combination of 2 antibiotics can be used to cover almost all organisms and have good tissue penetration.
What are ampicillin and gentamycin?
800
Besides antibiotics, these are 3 ways to prevent recurrent UTIs.
What are...
1. treating atrophic vaginitis?
2. drinking 1.5 L fluid per day?
3. cranberry products?
1000
In the absence of infection, severe symptomatic left-sided hydronephrosis can be treated this way.
What is stenting, or observation, with vigilant monitoring for infection?
1000
You are seeing your OB continuity at 36 weeks. At the anatomy scan, the male fetus had hydronephrosis, and throughout the third trimester, it progressed on Detailed US to Grade III. To lower the incidence of infant UTI's, you discuss with the parents the need for a VCUG, and the benefits/risks of these 2 prophylactic modalities.
What are prophylactic antibiotics and prophylactic circumcision?
1000
Due to this unique quality, Nitrofurantoin is an excellent choice for uncomplicated acute cystitis.
What is concentrating in the urine.
1000
In a septic patient with +nitrites, packed WBC's, and severe flank pain, this condition won't resolve without surgical intervention.
What is pyoureter?
1000
Used postcoital or daily, these are 3 prophylactic antibiotics regimens for preventing recurrent UTIs--and one pill that's not an antibiotic.
What are...
1. Nitrofurantoin?
2. TMP-SMX?
3. ciprofloxacin or norfloxacin?
...and methenamine hippurate 1g q12