Jeremy Bentham
What is the greatest happiness principle?
Produce the greatest happiness for the greatest number
What type of pleasures are sensual or physical pleasures that a person may have in common with an animal?
Lower pleasures
On what principle should the law be based?
Principle of utility
What key term says that harming civilians is unacceptable?
Principle of Discrimination
What type of rule utilitarian is Mill?
Weak rule utilitarian
What type of utilitarianism weighs up the amount of happiness produced by any action and performs only acts that maximise happiness?
Act Utilitarianism
What did Thomas Carlyle describe utilitarianism as?
Pig philosophy
List the three situations in which Bentham said it was OK to kill animals
Food, defence, medical experimentation
When did the UK begin their nuclear weapons programme?
1940s
What principle states that an individual must be allowed freedom to pursue pleasure as they wish, unless it will cause harm to others by doing so?
Harm Principle
Which philosopher expresses utilitarianism in religious terms?
John Gay
Fill the gap: "It is better to be a human being dissatisfied than a _____ satisfied" (John Stuart Mill)
Pig
Fill the gap: "The day may come when the rest of animal creation may acquire those rights which never could have been withholden from them but by the hand of _____" (Jeremy Bentham)
Tyranny
Fill the gap: "It is not the interest of Great Britain to keep up any naval force beyond what may be sufficient to defend its commerce against _____ " (Jeremy Bentham)
Pirates
Who said that utilitarianism treats people as objects?
Pope Francis
Fill the gap: "Nature has placed mankind under the governance of two sovereign masters, _____ ______ ______" (Jeremy Bentham)
Pain and pleasure
What profession did Mill use to show that we go into situations with existing knowledge & experience?
Sailors
What is as good as poetry?
Pushpin
Fill the gaps: "War is an _____ thing, but not the _____ of things" (John Stuart Mill)
Ugly, Ugliest
Fill the gap: "There are few cases where it would be expedient to punish a man for _____ _____ but there are a few cases." (Bentham)
Hurting himself
List all seven steps to the hedonic calculus
Intensity, duration, certainty, remoteness (propinquity), richness (fecundity), purity, extent
Fill the gap: "Thus, to save a life, it may not only be allowable, but a duty, to _____, or _____ ______ ______, the necessary food or medicine." (John Stuart Mill)
Steal, take by force
Which step of the hedonic calculus is missing if we kill animals that are surplus to requirements without using them in an experiment?
How many people were killed during World War Two?
Who came up with the term Act Utilitarianism?
Richard Brandt