VA Chemistry SOL Review

Scientific Investigation

100

1 Which of these would be best to measure 12.6 mL of liquid ethanol?

A: 25 mL beaker

B: 25 mL volumetric flask

C: 25 mL Erlenmeyer flask

D: 25 mL graduated cylinder

D: 25 mL graduated cylinder

200

A compound has a mass of 2.66632 x 10^2 g/mol. The number of significant figures in this mass is - 

F: 2

G: 4

H: 5

J: 7

H: 5

300

14 If a sample has a mass of 1.25 x 10² g and a volume of 51 mL, what is its density?

F: 0.00025 g/mL

G: 0.0125 g/mL

H: 2.5 g/mL

J: 250 g/mL

H: 2.5 g/mL

400

34 Which is the best use for a fume hood?

F: Storing glassware

G: Removing toxic vapors

H: Covering volatile compounds

J: Mixing chemicals that release O₂

G: Removing toxic vapors

500

47 Which of these best describes the basis on which new scientific ideas are accepted or rejected?

A: Popular support

B: Historical support

C: Compelling evidence

D: Moral and ethical beliefs

C: Compelling evidence

Atomic Structure and Periodic Relationships

100

An example of a chemical property is —

F: mass of a substance per unit volume

G: ability to dissolve in solution

H: point where solid becomes liquid

J: tendency to undergo oxidation

J: tendency to undergo oxidation

200

26 A student hypothesizes that bromine (Br) has different chemical properties from krypton (Kr). The periodic table supports this hypothesis by indicating that —

F: bromine is a metal while krypton is a nonmetal

G: one mole of bromine is heavier than one mole of krypton

H: bromine and krypton are members of the same family

J: bromine and krypton have different numbers of valence electrons

J: bromine and krypton have different numbers of valence electrons

300

Which of the following is a chemical change?

F: Salt is dissolved in water. 

G: Water is boiled on a stove.

H: Gasoline combusts in an engine.

J: Copper metal is stretched into a long wire.

H: Gasoline combusts in an engine.

400

17 A chemist is examining an unidentified element sample with oxidation states of +2, +3, and +6. The element has a shielding effect similar to that of potassium (K). Which statement about the unidentified element is most likely true? A It has the same number of neutrons as potassium. B It is a transition metal from the same period as potassium. C It is one of the heaviest elements in potassium’s group. D It is a mix of three unstable isotopes of potassium.

B It is a transition metal from the same period as potassium.

500

10 How many electrons does the iron ion have when it forms the ionic compound FeCl3? F 20 G 23 H 26 J 29

G 23

Chemical Formulas and Reactions

100

5 Fe2O3 + CO --> Fe + CO2 What are the coefficients of the correctly balanced equation? A 1, 3, 2, 3 B 0, 2, 2, 3 C 1, 2, 2, 2 D 2, 6, 4, 3

A 1,3,2,3

200

6 The correct formula for dinitrogen pentoxide is — F N2O5 G N5O H NO5 J N2O

F N2O5

300

7 When ionic compounds are named, the name of a monatomic anion will end in which of the following suffixes? A -ic B -ite C -ate D -ide

D -ide

400

9 What is the name of the compound with the formula PCl5? A Phosphorus(I) chloride B Phosphorus(V) chlorine C Phosphorus pentachlorate D Phosphorus pentachloride

D Phosphorus pentachloride

500

11 Covalent bonds mainly occur between — A two nonmetallic elements B two metallic elements C one metallic element and one nonmetallic element D one metalloid and one metallic element

A two nonmetallic elements

Molar Relationships

100

8 When 1 g of sodium chloride (NaCl) is placed in 100 g of water, a solution results. Once the solution is prepared, water is now considered what part of the solution? F Solid G Liquid H Solute J Solvent

J Solvent

200

18 2NH3 (g) --> N2 (g) + 3H2 (g) The reaction for the decomposition of ammonia (NH3) can be written as shown. If a student starts with 21.7 g NH3 of how many grams of hydrogen (H2) gas will be produced by the reaction? F 1.28 g G 2.55 g H 3.85 g J 32.5 g

H 3.85 g

300

24 What is the volume occupied by 51.0 g of ammonia (NH3) gas at STP? F 0.439 L G 22.8 L H 67.2 L J 91.9 L

H 67.2 L

400

39 CH4 + 2O2 --> CO2 + 2H2O If 1.0 mole of methane reacts with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water, what mass of water is produced? A 16 grams B 18 grams C 36 grams D 44 grams

C 36 grams

500

44 If the pH of a solution is 4, what is the pOH? F 0 G 6 H 7 J 10

J 10

Phases of Matter and Kinetic Molecular Theory

100

27 A mixture of gases with a pressure of 800 mm Hg contains 10% oxygen and 90% nitrogen by volume. What is the partial pressure of the oxygen gas in the mixture? A 10 mm Hg B 80 mm Hg C 700 mm Hg D 800 mm Hg

B 80 mm Hg

200

16 The diagram shows water molecules in an open beaker and water molecules that have evaporated into the air above the beaker. Which change in this system will increase the rate of evaporation? F Adding salt to the water G Increasing the temperature of the water H Increasing the pressure of the air above the water J Increasing the humidity of the air above the water

G Increasing the temperature of the water

300

13 If substance X is a liquid, substance Y is a gas, and substance Z is a solid, and all are at the same temperature and pressure, then the order of increasing strength of their intermolecular forces would be — A X < Y < Z B Y < X < Z C Z < Y < X D Y < Z < X

B Y< X <Z

400

46 SEE GRAPH If the temperature changes from point M to point N, at constant pressure, compound X undergoes — F one phase change G two phase changes H three phase changes J no change in phase

G two phase changes

500

36 The specific heat of aluminum is 0.900 J/g*C. How much heat is required to raise the temperature of a 30.0 g block of aluminum from 25.0 C to 75.0 C? F 0.540 J G 1.50 J H 1350 J J 1670 J

H 1350 J