Immunology
The study of the way in which the body defends itself from infectious agents.
What is immunology?
The immune system provides defense against these.
What are pathogens?
A substance consisting of weakened, dead or incomplete portions of pathogens or antigens that cause an immune response.
What is a vaccine?
Another name for live vaccines.
What are attenuated vaccines?
The type of vaccine that Pfizer and Moderna are.
What is an mRNA vaccine?
What is immunity?
The immune system protects against these.
What are autoimmune diseases?
Obtained naturally when a person or animal is exposed to antigens.
What is active immunity?
Another name for killed vaccines.
What are inactivated vaccines?
How vaccines are approved.
What are benefits vs. risks?
These are responsible for immunity.
What are cells and molecules?
The type of adaptive immunity that identifies and destroys abnormal cells.
What is cellular immunity?
Vaccines that are alive but have lost their disease-causing ability.
What is a modified live vaccine?
The type of immunity induced by inactivated vaccines.
What is humoral immunity?
When enough people are vaccinated, the chance of a germ infecting the non-immunized population is small.
What is herd immunity?
Determines how well an individual responds to immunizations and infections.
What is the strength of the individual's immune system?
The function the immune system has with switch OFF.
What is the ability to stop when the danger passes?
Vaccines that don't contain live pathogens, but still achieve an immune response.
What is a killed vaccine?
The booster requirement for attenuated vaccines.
What is a single booster?
The mRNA vaccines give our cells instructions to make this.
What is a spike protein?
The collective and coordinated response to foreign substances.
What is the immune response?
Transferred from mother to baby or by injecting antibodies from another person that is already immune.
What is passive immunity?
The type of immunity that attenuated vaccines induce.
What is humoral and cell-mediated immunity?
The reason why mRNA in COVID-19 vaccines are covered by a bubble of fat/cholesterol.
What is so that it crosses the cell membrane easily?