History for valve disorders
Murmur that often presents as asymptomatic but may have chest pain, palpitations, anxiety
What is Mitral Valve Prolapse?
Murmur that may be asymptomatic or may present with exertional dyspnea, fatigue, orthopnea, and palpitations
What is mitral regurgitation?
High pitched early diastolic decrescendo murmur @ left sternal border
What is aortic regurgitation?
Mild systolic click with systolic murmur that is often louder with standing than squatting
What is Mitral valve prolapse
Treated with SAVR/TAVR; consider ACEi and BB if CAD, statins
What is aortic stenosis
Murmur that often has no symptoms at the time diagnosis; in severe cases, they may have exertional dyspnea or fatigue, may get angina or syncope
What is pulmonary stenosis?
Murmur that typically presents with symptoms of right side HF such as edema, hepatomegaly, ascites
What is tricuspid stenosis?
Low pitch diastolic rumble
What is mitral stenosis?
Diastolic decrescendo murmur @ upper (2nd ICS) LSB; Graham steel murmur louder w inspiration
what is pulmonary regurgitation
Treated with beta blockers
what is mitral valve prolapse
Murmur that typically presents with fatigue, exertional dyspnea, leg swelling, abdominal bloating, early satiety
What is tricuspid regurgitation?
Murmur that may be asymptomatic or may present with symptoms of left sided heart failure such as fatigue, exertional dyspnea, orthopnea, and hemoptysis
Additionally, symptoms may be brought on by pregnancy
What is mitral stenosis?
Blowing holosystolic murmur @ lower left sternal margin; Carvallo's sign
What is tricuspid regurgitation?
Holosystolic, blowing murmur @ apex
What is mitral regurgitation?
treated with phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor (Sildenafil = Viagara) + Diuretics
what is tricuspid regurgitation
Murmur that typically presents chest pain, syncope w exertion, dyspnea
What is aortic stenosis?
Murmur that typically presents with no symptoms
Crescendo-decrescendo systolic ejection murmur @ right 2nd intercostal space that radiates to the carotid
What is aortic stenosis?
Treated non surgically withdiuretics, nitroglycerine, ACEi and sometimes BB (avoid if acute or severe); may consider surgery if acute or severe
What is aortic regurgitation
Secondary treated non-surgically with diuretics, ACEi, BB, digoxin; Sx if primary
What is mitral regurgitaiton
Murmur that is usually asymptomatic until middle age but ultimately may develop signs of left sided heart failure such as exertional dyspnea, fatigue, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
What is aortic regurgitation?
Diastolic murmur similar to MS, heard better at left sternal border and xiphoid during inspiration
Mid-systolic, crescendo-decrescendo murmur at the left second interspace; usually preceded by an ejection click (younger adults)
what is pulmonary stenosis
PMBV surgery preferred; may treat non-surgically with diuretics, sodium restriction, cardiovert, or rate control (BB or CCB)
should be followed annually with exam + echo
what is mitral stenosis
Sometimes no treatment needed; treat pulmonary HTN and use diuretics for symptoms of right sided HF; rarely consider surgery
what is pulmonary regurgitation