SYMPTOMS
Classic Triad of symptoms in aortic stenosis
What is Syncope, Angina and Dyspnea
Holo-systolic murmur heard across the precordium and often radiates to the back.
What is mitral regurgitation?
Widened pulse pressure and diastolic murmur at right and sternal border
What is aortic regurgitation?
First line therapy for patients with symptomatic severe aortic stenosis.
What is aortic valve replacement?
An outward bulging of the aorta which encompasses three layers of the aorta
What is a fusiform aneurysm
Cause of angina in patients with aortic stenosis.
What is demand ischemia from oxygen supply/demand mismatch?
This is a diastolic, low flow and referred to as a rumble
What is mitral stenosis murmur?
Common arrhythmia associated with mitral stenosis.
What is atrial fibrillation?
The most common diagnostic study used to assess valvular heart disease.
What is echocardiogram?
On CT scan, the aorta has a "classic tennis ball sign"
What is an aortic dissection?
Symptoms of mitral stenosis occur when this happens.
What is elevation of left atrial pressure?
Systolic murmur heard at the right 2nd intercostal space and radiates to the carotids.
What is aortic stenosis murmur?
Head nodding (DeMusset's sign) with each heartbeat and Quincke's pulse can be present.
What is chronic severe aortic regurgitation?
Tachycardia, Left ventricular hypertrophy and left atrial enlargement are commonly associated with this condition
What is chronic aortic regurgitation?
Aggressive hypertension control and no heavy lifting (half lean body weight)
What is the medical management for a non surgical aortic aneurysm?
It is the most common symptom associated with mitral regurgitation.
What is shortness of breath?
2 cardiac murmurs that produce a holo-systolic murmur.
What is tricuspid regurgitation and mitral regurgitation?
Physical examination finding associated with left ventricular hypertrophy and heard in patients with aortic stenosis, coronary artery disease and hypertension.
What is S4 (atrial gallop)?
Pharmacotherapy that has been proven to reduce mortality in patients with mitral regurgitation
What are ACE inhibitors?
What are the symptoms of an aortic arch aneurysm?
Symptoms of decreased exercise tolerance and heart failure.
What is chronic mitral regurgitation?
Condition associated with delayed carotid upstroke.
What is aortic stenosis?
Reduced functional capacity, neck vein distention, peripheral edema and pulmonary hypertension can be associated with this condition.
What is mitral stenosis?
The 2 most common parameters used to assess the severity of aortic stenosis?
What is pressure gradient and aortic valve area?
Aortic dissection beginning distal to the left subclavian artery and extending down to the iliac arteries
What is a Type B aortic dissection?
Most common cause of aortic stenosis in patients less than 60 years of age
What is bicuspid aortic valve?
Infective endocarditis, dissection of the ascending aorta and trauma may be associated with acute onset of this valvular disorder.
What is acute aortic regurgitation?
Most common cause of mitral stenosis.
What is rheumatic heart disease?
Echocardiogram findings in patients with chronic severe aortic regurgitation.
What is left ventricular systolic and diastolic dilatation and reduction in ejection fraction?
Two hereditary connective tissue diseases at risk for an aortic disease process
What are Marfan/Loeys-Dietz syndrome and Ehlers Danlos disease(Vascular type)