Dialysis Access
Flow volume <400 mL/min suggests this issue.
Inadequate flow/risk for thrombosis
A PSV ratio >2 indicates at least this level of stenosis
>50%
Normal reversed vein graft velocities are higher here.
Proximally
A >20 mmHg between arms suggests this condition
Subclavian stenosis
A true aneurysm involves this many arterial wall layers
3
A flow volume >2500 mL/min may lead to this systemic complication.
High-output cardiac failure
Distal reconstitution after occlusion suggests this process
Collateral circulation
A PSV > 300 cm/s and a ratio >3.5 indicates this:
>70% stenosis
Loss of waveform with arm elevation indicates this
TOS
To-and-fro waveforms indicate this
Pseudoaneurysm
The most common cause of AV graft failure
Venous outflow stenosis
A waveform with delayed upstroke and decreased amplitude suggests
Proximal inflow disease (tardus-parvus)
A valvulotome is used in this type of graft
In-situ
Normal baseline with abnormal cold response suggests this
Raynaud's
Most common complication of popliteal aneurysms
Embolization
This condition causes pain, pallor, and ischemia distal to an AV fistula.
Steal syndrome
This artery commonly reconstitutes distal to SFA occlusion
PFA
This graft bypasses bilateral iliac disease
Aortobifemoral
Digital arteries are classified as this type of flow
Low resistance, pulsatile flow
Distinguishes vasospastic from fixed disease
Normal baseline with abnormal cold test
The preferred type of dialysis access for long-term use
AV fistula
(Radiocephalic)- preferred
No flow in SFA + collaterals + reconstitution = this diagnosis
Total occlusion
Low flow graft <45 cm/s suggests this
Impending graft failure
The Adson maneuver evaluate this condition
TOS
Color pattern of Raynaud's phenomenon
White, Blue, Red