Respiratory
TV represents..
What is tidal volume
HR represents..
What is Heart Rate
The greater the force or effort required, the greater the number of ____________ recruited.
What are motor units?
Energy system interplay is...
What is the interplay of energy systems working together at the same time
There are two forms of non-dietary recovery..
What is passive and active recovery.
RR x TV represents the equation for..
What is ventilation. Respiratory Rate multiplied by Tidal Volume
Q = HR x SV..
What is cardiac output.
The extra demand of the muscles for oxygen during exercise leads to...
What is vasodilation
At the onset of exercise, why are ATP and creatine phosphate the preferred energy sources over carbohydrates and fats..
What is preferred energy sources at the onset of exercise because they can be broken down anaerobically at fast rate without oxygen
There are two forms of recovery involve..
What is an active recovery involvingbeing active, or performing at low intensity movement like walking between intervals. Passive recovery, on the other hand, involves no activity at all – just letting your body rest.
Where gaseous exchange takes place within the lungs..
What is pulmonary diffusion
Arteriovenous oxygen difference is..
What is the difference in the concentration of oxygen in the arterial blood and the concentration of oxygen in the venous blood.
What muscle substrate levels are decreased through exercise..
What are the muscular stores of ATP, creatine phosphate, glycogen and triglycerides begin to deplete during exercise
Lactate Inflection Point is...
What is the point above which there is a sudden exponential or non-linear increase in the lactate concentration in the blood. LIP reflects the balance between lactate entering the blood and lactate leaving the blood.
The time for CP to be restored...
What is..
– 70% of the ATP and CP is restored within 30 seconds
– 75% of the ATP and CP is restored within 40 seconds
– 87% of the ATP and CP is restored within 60 seconds
– most of the ATP and CP intramuscular stores are replenished within approximately 3 minutes.
Maximum oxygen uptake (VO2 max.) is..
What is the maximum amount of oxygen per minute that can be transported to, taken up by, and used by the body for energy production.
The difference between vasodilation and vasoconstriction..
What is the processes in increased or decreased blood flow and oxygen delivery to working muscles.
What are 4 acute muscular responses that occur during exercise...
What are..
Working above the lactate inflection point will mean..
What is the athlete producing higher amounts of lactate, where accumulation is greater than removed due to the greater reliance on the anaerobic glycolysis system to supply. Hydrogen Ions will also start to accumulate and lead to fatigue.
The active recovery is used to..
What is...
An individual sets out on a 3-kilometre run. Indicate the likely respiratory system responses to this exercise bout.
What is an increase in respiratory rate, tidal volume, ventilation, oxygen uptake, pulomonary diffusion
This acute cardiovascular response tends not to increase further at exercise intensities beyond 40–60 per cent 40–60 per cent. Explain why..
What is stroke volume.
The different types of muscle fibre types respond to different types of exercise (anaerobic and aerobic). What are the different types of muscle fibre types and the energy system that uses them...
What are Type 1 slow-twitch oxidative fibres are best suited to aerobic exercise. Type 2A fast-twitch fibres are also known as intermediate fast-twitch fibres. They can use both aerobic and anaerobic metabolism almost equally to create energy. Type 2B fast-twitch fibres are best suited to anaerobic exercise.
Freeman won the race in a time of 49.11 seconds. In small groups, conduct your own 400-metre sprint test. Using stopwatches and heart rate monitors, each group is to collect data on their sprinter in 100-metre splits.
Clearly and accurately outline in your own words how the three energy systems would have contributed to the sprinter’s performance.
During Cathy Freeman’s 400-metre event, she would have relied upon all three energy systems for the production of energy for ATP resynthesis, although the anaerobic system would have been predominant overall. At the very beginning of the race as Freeman explodes out of the blocks, energy is provided by the breakdown of the muscles’ stored ATP. After a few powerful strides, she is relying predominately on the ATP–CP system for the next 5–10 seconds. By the 10-second mark of the race, the lactic acid system is assuming the role of being the dominant energy provider as the capacity of the ATP–CP system declines due to the depletion of CP stores. By the 30-second mark of the race, the anaerobic glycolysis system would be the predominant energy supplier, although the contribution of the aerobic system would also be quite substantial by this stage of the race. As Freeman enters the home straight, the aerobic system is contributing more and more to energy supply while lactate and hydrogen ions are accumulating in Freeman’s muscles as she completes the final stretch of the race
This physiological effect is called excess post-exercise oxygen consumption, or EPOC... What is this?
What is time after exercise whereby the following occurs..