Research Methods
A testable prediction of the relationship between the IV and DV.
Hypothesis
A division of the nervous system, comprised of the brain and spinal cord.
central nervous system
stress experienced due to something inside the individual
internal stressor
the long-lasting strengthening of connections between neurons
Long Term Potentiation
A type of sleep where the sleeper experiences rapid eye movement beneath closed eyelids
REM sleep
The process of _____________ involves provision of information about a specific phobia, its treatment and mental health services.
psychoeducation
What’s The Total Number Of Dots On A Pair Of Dice?
42
Dominic is a researcher who hypothesised that listening to music while studying would divide student’s attention, and therefore result in poorer academic performance than those who did not listen to music.
What is the DV?
Student academic performance
Branching fibres of a neuron that conduct electrical signals
Dendrites
A stimulus (internal or external) that prompts the stress respons
Stressor
The individual whose behaviour is observed by the learner
Model
A device that detects, amplifies and records the electrical activity of the brain
EEG
Drugs that target GABA receptors in the brain.
GABA Agonists/ benzos
How many wives did Henry VIII have?
8
Participants understand the nature of the research, including any potential benefits and risks, before agreeing to participate
Informed consent
An involuntary, immediate response to sensory stimuli that occurs at the spinal cord
Spinal reflex
A quick and intense response to a threat, resulting in confronting it, escaping it, or being still in the face of it
fight-flight-freeze response
The type of learning involved in classical conditioning
Unconscious / involuntary
A newborn infant sleeps for around ___________ a day
15-16 hours
A Biological factor for maintaining mental wellbeing
adequate nutrition and hydration, sleep
What colour is a giraffe's tongue?
Blue
An unconscious expectation of the experimenter which may influence their observations of data.
experimenter bias
Main neurotransmitter that typically produces an inhibitory effect
GABA
A model of stress which tracks how an organism physiologically responds to a stressor over time
General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) model
A natural (unlearned) behavior to a given stimulus
UCR
A category of sleep disorder which interferes with the normal regulation of the circadian rhythm of sleep, leading to a change in the sleep-wake cycle
Circadian phase disorder
An awareness of one’s internal states and surroundings without judgement; paying full attention and being present in whatever you’re doing, moment to moment
Mindfulness Meditation
What is the most common colour of toilet paper?
Pink
An experimental design in which participants are split by random allocation into two groups: one that is exposed to the IV, and one that is not ___________
Between groups
The substance which protects the axon of a neuron and insulates neural messages
myelin sheath
A stage of responding to a stressor that occurs when the body’s energy is depleted and it can no longer maintain high levels of arousal
exhaustion
A type of consequence that involves taking away a stimulus to encourage a behaviour to occur again
Negative reinforcement
When an individual does not sleep during a 24 hour period
Total sleep deprivation
A mental health state that involves a combination of thoughts, feelings and/or behaviours associated with significant personal distress and an impaired ability to function
Mental Health Disorder
Ph.d stands for
Doctor of Philosophy
A test in which neither the experimenters nor participants are aware of which participants have been allocated to the experimental group.
double-blind
a neuron that transmits information to the following neuron
pre-synaptic neuron
A kind of coping with stress that involves minimising its effects indirectly, without confronting the actual stressor or its source
Avoidance coping
How would you describe Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders ways of knowing and learning?
Environmental time cues that help to maintain the biological clock to a 24hr day.
zeitgebers
What is the ability to cope with difficult times and 'bounce back' from adversity.
Resilience
Baby owls are called...
owlets or nestlings
An extraneous variable of Between Groups experimental design
Participant differences
a branch of the ANS responsible for activating the body’s visceral organs, muscles, and glands for increased activity or when under threat
sympathetic nervous system
Low amounts of dopamine has been found in individuals suffering from
Parkinson's disease
Neural plasticity
the number of brainwaves per second
frequency
Tom was bitten by a dog and now has a specific phobia of dogs. When he recalls the story about the incident, he describes the dog as being much bigger and vicious than it actually was.
Memory Bias
First toy to be advertised on TV
Mr Potatohead
Occurring in repeated-measures experimental designs, this confounding variable is due to the order in which participants partake in the experimental and control conditions
Order effects
the branch of the PNS responsible for connecting the CNS and the body’s visceral (non-skeletal) organs, muscles and glands like the heart and liver
autonomic nervous system
A hormone which releases glucose to energise the body when under stress
cortisol
In Operant Conditioning the learner is __________, and the behaviour is ___________.
Active, Voluntary
A type of ASC that occurs with purposeful intervention or aid
Induced ASC
The right of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people to freely control their political status and pursue their cultural, social and economic development
self-determination
On average how long does it take food to pass through the human body?
53 hours
The extent to which the investigation measures what it intends to measure
validity
A bi-directional communication link between the central nervous system and the enteric nervous system
Gut-Brain Axis
The process of evaluating the resources available and required in order to cope with a stressor
Secondary appraisal
structure located deep within the brain that has a crucial role in processing emotions
amygdala
the height of the peaks and troughs in brainwaves
amplitude
The preservation of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples’ cultures over time, and the sense of history, identity and belonging this provides
cultural continuity
Who invented the word vomit?
Shakespeare
How likely it is that the same results would be obtained by another researcher, or repeated experiment
Reliability
Neurons that communicate neural impulses between other neurons
interneurons
An individual who can adjust or change their coping strategies depending on the unique and changing demands of a stressor is demonstrating ______ _______.
Coping flexibility
structure located deep within the brain that has a crucial role in the consolidation of most of our memories
Hippocampus
A sleep disorder that typically involves an advancement of the sleep episode and affects the elderly.
Advance Phase Sleep Disorder
After she was bitten by a dog, Trinh developed a phobia of dogs. According to a behavioural model, it is likely that Trinh’s phobia of dogs has its origins in ______ but is perpetuated by__________.
Classical; operant conditioning
Coprastastaphobia Is The Fear Of What?
constipation