U3 AOS1 Nervous System
U3 AOS2 Learning & Memory
U4 AOS 1 Sleep
U4 AOS2 Mental Wellbeing
Random
100

The synapse is made up of which three structures?

synaptic gap, terminal buttons, dendrites

100

After being stung by a swarm of bees, Barnaby became terrified of bees and now experiences a panic attack even when he sees a picture of a bee.

In this scenario, the:


A neutral stimulus is the fear of bees.

B unconditioned stimulus is the panic attack.

C conditioned stimulus is seeing a picture of a bee.

D conditioned response is the pain from the bee stings.

C conditioned stimulus is seeing a picture of a bee.

100

What are the proportions of REM to NREM sleep in a typical adult. 

REM: 20%

NREM: 80%

100

Level of functioning generally refers to

how well an individual independently operates in their environment.

100

Who regularly declares that she "ate" a SAC. 

Ayah

200

What is a neurotransmitter?

a chemical messenger

200

Explain the meaning of the terms positive reinforcer and negative reinforcer.

  • positive reinforcer: a stimulus that strengthens or increases the frequency or likelihood of a desired response by providing a satisfying consequence
  • negative reinforcer: any unpleasant or aversive stimulus that, when removed or avoided, strengthens or increases the frequency or likelihood of a desired response
200

What is a possible objective measure of sleep quality?

number of interruptions, arousals/awakenings (partial or full) during a sleep episode

200

The correlation between level of resilience and level of mental wellbeing is likely to be

positive.

200

Student with the highest number of medical certificates. 

Johan

300

Describe the two main roles of the somatic nervous system.

 • sensory function: carries sensory information to the central nervous system 

 • motor function: carries motor information for voluntary movements from the central nervous system

300

Identify the aversive (unpleasant) stimulus and the behaviour being strengthened by its avoidance or removal.

a. smoking a cigarette in order to relieve anxiety

  • aversive stimulus: anxiety
  • behaviour being strengthened: cigarette smoking
300

Provide an example of an affective, behavioural and cognitive effect of partial sleep deprivation. 

Affective: Moodiness, irritability,

Behavioural: Delayed reaction times, clumsiness, lack of coordination

Cognitive: Poor decision making, inability to concentrate

300

Name the two psychological factors that precipitate phobia.

Classical Conditioning 

Operant Conditioning

300

Student who gave the most attitude to the teacher. 

Loujane 

400

Define the meaning of synaptic plasticity with reference to two examples of synaptic change.

synaptic plasticity: the ability of the synapse to change in response to experience

Examples include:

  • growth/creation of new dendritic or axonal extensions e.g. sprouting,
  • formation/establishment of new synaptic connections e.g. rerouting
  • disuse of synaptic connections that weaken or eliminate the synapse e.g. synaptic pruning
  • LTP and LTD
400

Fear

Amygdala

400

What is a zeitgeber and provide two examples. 

an environmental time cue that can adjust/reset a circadian rhythm/ be used by the SCN to maintain circadian rhythms in synchrony with the 24 hour day

daylight, blue light, temperature, eating and drinking patterns

400

Name the two biological interventions we studied. 

Benzos

Breathing retraining

400

Which Unit and AOS does the tarmac story relate to...

Unit 3 AOS2: Learning and memory
500

Which of the following statements about the gut–brain axis and stress is not correct?

A Stress can disturb the balance of gut microbiota.

B Gut microbiota can influence stress responses.

C The gut microbiome tends to be relatively unaffected by stress.

D There are bidirectional links between the gut microbiota and stress.

C The gut microbiome tends to be relatively unaffected by stress.

500
The region of the brain associated with the storage of long-term memories. 

neocortex. 

500

Explain the roles of the SCN, melatonin, pineal gland, light and other environmental cues in regulating the human sleep–wake cycle. You may use a diagram to support your explanation.

  • SCN (suprachiasmatic nucleus): receives information about the amount of light from the eyes and adjusts the sleep–wake cycle by signalling the pineal gland to secrete more or less melatonin in relation to light intensity; may also adjust through feedback on melatonin level
  • pineal gland: produces and secretes melatonin into the blood to influence alertness/arousal and help regulate the circadian sleep–wake cycle
  • melatonin: a hormone secreted into the blood that is involved in the initiation of sleep and in the regulation of the sleep–wake cycle; the amount that is secreted varies with the amount of light that is detected e.g. higher at night time and lower in daytime; amount present in the blood is associated with alertness — higher melatonin levels are associated with greater drowsiness and vice versa
  • light: the main environmental cue that influences the sleep–wake cycle i.e. directly influences SCN activity; intensity/‘amount’ (natural or artificial) promotes or inhibits melatonin secretion e.g. less light promotes and more inhibits
  • other environmental cues: time cues other than light, such as clocks, TV programs, scheduled meal breaks etc. may influence onset, duration or entrainment of the sleep–wake cycle.
500

Describe how cultural continuity and self-determination relate the The Voice referendum (2023).

Answers will vary. 

500
What kind of cake did Johan make for David's birthday. 
Carrot cake
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