Social Cognition
The mental processes we use to think about and evaluate other people.
What is person perception?
This refers to an individual’s (or group’s) ability to control or influence another person (or group), even when they try to resist this influence.
What is power?
This is the ability to distribute our attention so that two or more activities may be performed simultaneously.
What is divided attention?
This is a person who is more sensitive to certain tastes than most others, especially bitter foods.
This contains the independent variable, dependent variable, and a direction word.
What is a hypothesis?
The tendency to allow our overall positive impression of a person to influence our beliefs and expectations about the person in other qualities.
What is the halo effect?
American psychologist ________ investigated factors that can influence obedience to an authority figure.
Who is Stanley Milgram?
This is a social factor influencing taste perception where, generally, we like and prefer tastes we grow up with. Research studies have found that familiarity with a food influences how we perceive it and whether we ultimately eat it.
What is culture?
This explanation for the Muller-Lyer illusion proposes that the illusion occurs because of its similarity to familiar architectural features in the real three-dimensional world we experience as part of everyday life.
What is the carpentered world hypothesis?
This is a research methodology that investigates the relationship between two variables, e.g., the relationship between hours of sleep and exam results.
What is a correlational study?
1. This is any group you belong to or identify with.
2. This is any group you do not belong to or identify with.
1. What is an ingroup?
2. What is an outgroup?
This is a way of thinking by individual members of a group characterised by a strong tendency to seek agreement when decision-making or problem-solving, thereby overriding any realistic consideration of possible alternative, better options.
What is groupthink?
Yu can sitll raed tihs snetecne wouthit too mcuh dicffiutly depsite the sepillng mitsakes. Tihs is bcuseae it deosn’t mttaer waht oredr the ltteers in a wrod are. The olny iprmoetnt detial is taht the frist and lsat ltteers of each wrod are in the rghit pclae.
This occurs when perception is guided and influenced by cognitive processes, such as drawing on your past experience, knowledge and expectations in order to interpret and assign meaning to raw sensory information.
What is top-down processing?
After a car accident Mr A. had difficulty recognising familiar faces and objects. He could recognise his family and friends by their voices but not by sight. If separated from his wife when shopping, he was unable to find her again.
This man's symptoms can be explained by:
What is agnosia?
Zimbardo stated his study was unethical: "because people suffered and others were allowed to inflict pain and humiliation on their fellows over an extended period of time". The ethical concept this breaches is:
Non-Maleficence.
This is the tendency to overestimate personal factors, and underestimate situational factors when judging other people's behaviour.
What is the fundamental attribution error?
Milgram found that, the closer the learner (‘victim’) was to the teacher (person administering the shock), the more likely that person was to refuse to administer the shock.
What is social proximity?
This involves the automatic adjustment of the shape of the lens to focus an object in response to changes in how far away the object is.
What is accommodation?
When Matthew Blakeslee shapes hamburger patties with his hands, he experiences a vivid bitter taste in his mouth. To Sean Day, the taste of beef is dark blue and the smell of almonds is pale orange. And when Jeff Coleman looks at printed black numbers, he sees them in colour, each a different colour.
What is synaesthesia?
This is the ability to generalise the results of a study to the broader population.
What is external validity?
Identify the Affective, Behavioural, and Cognitive Components of this Attitude: A person may dislike watching soccer, because they believe there are not enough goals, but they may choose to attend a match because their friends are going.
A - dislike watching soccer.
B - choose to attend a match.
C - believe there are not enough goals.
These factors influenced the rate of conformity in Asch's famous line length experiments (hint: there are 6).
What is Unanimity, Informational Influence, Group size, Normative Influence, Culture, Social Loafing?
This refers to the tendency to visually perceive the object that produces the largest image on the retina as being closer, and the object that produces the smallest image on the retina as being further away.
What is relative size?
Mr V. is a patient in a rehabilitation facility. Soon after waking in the morning, he proceeds to shave his face. When he puts the shaver down to go to breakfast, it is apparent that he shaved only the right side of his face.
The disorder Mr V. is experiencing is:
Spatial neglect.
These errors are produced by some factor that consistently favours one condition rather than another. They are typically associated with a flaw in some aspect of the research design, its procedures or implementation, like an inbuilt fault.
What is a systematic error?