Characteristics of movement skills
Movement skills that involve the use of large muscle groups
Gross
A learner who is in their beginning phases of learning a new skill is in what stage of learning.
Cognitive
Formula for impulse
Force x time
Define force
A push or pull
Identify the predominant food fuel source in an endurance event.
Fats
A skill that has an obvious beginning and end.
Discrete skill.
Identify five professionals who would use qualitative movement analysis.
Teachers, coaches, personal trainers, sports medicine practitioners, physical therapists, sports scientists.
What causes friction
When two surfaces come into contact of each other
Identify the distance and displacement of an athlete who runs a 400m race around a 400m oval.
Distance = 400m
Displacement = 0m
Identify the predominant energy system in a 1 hour, 10km run.
Aerobic
The beginner is mentally trying to comprehend the movement requirements of the motor skill.
Explain the terms 'valid' and 'reliable' in terms of measurement methods.
Validity = Tests capacity measures what it is intended to
Reliable = Refers to the ability of a test to reproduce similar results when conducted in similar conditions.
Explain the concept of inertia
A body will remain at rest or in motion unless acted upon by an external force
Identify the formula for momentum
Momentum = Mass x Velocity
Define: 1. Oxygen deficit
2. Steady state
Oxygen deficit = Oxygen demand exceeds the supply
Steady state = Oxygen supply equals oxygen demand
Identify two characteristics of someone in their autonomous stage of learning.
Developed anticipation
They can detect their own errors
Skill becomes largely automatic
Identify the three types of constraints with examples for each
Individual = Body height, fitness level, mental skills.
Environmental = Local areas, noise levels, auditory feedback, gravity, weather conditions, natural light.
Task = Rules of the sport, equipment available, field dimensions, number of players
What object would be harder to stop:
1: A volleyball that has been set up to be spiked
2: Baseball that has been struck into the outfield
The baseball would have a greater momentum due to the velocity at which it is travelling. The mass of a baseball and a volleyball are similar, so the velocity is the most important factor.
When would 45 degrees be the optimal angle of projection? Explain by using a sporting example.
45 degrees is the optimal angle of projection when the projectile is released and lands at the same height. Eg. Archery
Explain why the body calls upon the ATP-PC system when rapid and explosive movements are required
No oxygen is required and PC stored in the muscles is more readily available for quick explosive movements.
Identify the two different types of practice distribution and explain each
Distributed = Involves shorter but more frequent training sessions.
Massed = Involves less frequent training sessions that last for a longer period of time. Rest intervals are shorter.
Identify the four stages of qualitative movement analysis
Preparation, observation, evaluation and error correction
Explain biomechanically why a gymnast may over-rotate a landing from a vault.
If the gymnast does not land evenly on the mat so that the force from the mat goes through the centre of gravity, an eccentric force will cause the body to 'spin' or rotate in a forward direction, causing the athlete to step forward and not stick the landing.
Explain Newton's Three Laes
Newton's First Law = Law of Inertia (A body will remain at rest or in uniform motion unless acted upon by a force)
Newton's Second Law = Law of Acceleration (A force applied will produce a change in motion that is proportionate to the force)
Newton's Third Law = Law of Action-Reaction (When two forces come into contact, they exert forces that are equal in size but opposite in direction)
Discuss how anaerobic training might be used to improve the performance of an endurance athlete.
By improving their anaerobic capacity and lactate tolerance endurance athletes will be able to increase their work-rate and sustain this prior to fatiguing and needing to slow down. This is beneficial for the end of endurance events to 'surge' to the finish line.