definitions
This verbal ends in ing and acts as a noun
What is a gerund?
That hymn, sung by many generations of churchgoers, is my favorite.
sung by many generations of churchgoers
Marcia loves designing costumes for Halloween
designing costumes for Halloween; DO
To finish her shift without spilling another pizza into a customer's lap is Michelle's only goal tonight.
To finish her shift without spilling another pizza into a customer's lap= Subject
To avoid burning another bag of popcorn, Brendan listened carefully as the kernels popped in the bag.
To avoid burning another bag of popcorn= Infinitive adv
burning another bag of popcorn (ger DO)
popped in the bag (part)
This type of verbal usually begins with the word "to"
What is an infinitive
Joseph hoped to obtain a job by learning the welding trade.
There is none!
Staring at the items on the sales rack, Jill could not make a quick decision.
none
Kelvin, an aspiring comic book artist, is taking Anatomy and Physiology this semester to understand the interplay of muscle and bone in the human body.
To understand the interplay of muscle and bone in the human body= Adverb
The car stopping at the light was hit by the truck.
stopping at the light= Participial Phrase
This type of verbal acts an adjective and ends in ing, d, ed, or is irregula
What is a participle
My dad's present, bought by his sisters, was a gold watch.
bought by his sisters
Going on a cruise and climbing Mt. Rushmore are Rachel’s summer vacation plans.
Going on a cruise and climbing Mt. Rushmore= compound subject
We had an opportunity to watch the fireworks.
"to watch the fireworks" = adjective.
Working out daily should be an essential part of American life.
Working out daily= gerund phrase subject
This type of phrase includes a verbal and any of its complements and modifiers.
What is a verbal phrase?
Loving my profession keeps me happy.
none!
I Thinking about the trip, Luis was packing suitable clothes for sightseeing in Paris.
sightseeing in Paris OP
He is eager to please everyone.
"to please everyone"= Adverb
You might get in trouble for faking an illness.
faking an illness to avoid work= Gerund Phrase. obj of the prep
This type of verbal can acts as a noun, adj, or adv
What is an infinitive?
Encouraged by its performance in the semifinals, the basketball went on to win the finals.
encouraged by its performance in the semifinals
Her job was to hire the best people available.
to hire the best people available= Predicative Nominative
Hurriedly fastening his backpack, Joe rushed off to school.
fastening his backpack= Participial Phrase