C-Spine
How much degree angulation and direction of the CR is needed to reduce the lordotic curve of the c-spine when the patient is supine and upright?
Upright- 20 degrees cephalic
Supine- 15 degrees cephalic
The vertebral prominens is also known as this
C7
The reason a breathing technique is used on a lateral t-spine
Blurs out lung markings and ribs
When imaging the lateral lumbar spine, doing this can help fix a sagging spine
Place a sponge under the patient's waist
State the tube angulation and direction used for an AP sacrum.
15 degrees cephalic
The name for the joint between C1 and C2?
Atlantoaxial joint
Articular pillars of the c-spine are also called this
Lateral masses
A recumbent swimmers is also known as this method
Pawlow/upright Twining
The structure that makes up the "eye" of the scottie dog
pedicle
State the tube angulation and direction used for an AP Coccyx
10 degrees caudal
On a RAO position of the c-spine, the intervertebral foramina on this side are shown
right side (closest to IR)
What two structures need to be lined up when doing an open mouth C1/C2 radiograph?
The lower edge of the upper incisors and mastoid tips
The structure of the thoracic (dorsal) spine that articulates with the tubercle of the rib
Transverse process
The two structures make up the zygapophyseal joint
Superior and inferior articulating processes
State the two structures that are superimposed on a properly positioned AP sacrum
Ischial spine is aligned in the pelvic brim
When evaluating the lateral c-spine x-ray, widening of this structure indicates a fracture of the c-spine
prevertebral fat stripe
The best projection to demonstrate the pedicles and foramina
oblique
State two methods that can be used to overcome uneven densities shown on an AP T-Spine
Anode heel effect and wedge compensating filter
This view of the lumbar spine best demonstrates the intervertebral foramina
lateral
State the number of sacral and the number of coccygeal segments
5 sacral; 3 coccygeal
Name two structures that need to be superimposed on a lateral c-spine
articular pillars and zygapophyseal joints
State the relationship of the space between the lateral mass and dens when the face is rotated to the right for the odontoid image.
The space between the lateral mass and dens will appear enlarged on the right side (turned towards) and narrowed on the left side (turned from)
The reasons for performing an AP T-spine on expiration
decrease air volumes to better visualize posterior ribs and mediastinum
The view of the lumbar spine that demonstrates the pedicles halfway between the midpoint of the vertebral bodies and the lateral border of the vertebral bodies
Oblique
This structure of the sacrum is seen in profile on a lateral sacrum
median sacral crest