Respiratory Physiology
This structure is the site of oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange.
What are the alveoli?
This bronchodilator is commonly administered through an AeroKat chamber to treat feline asthma.
What is albuterol?
This phase of the cardiac cycle occurs when the ventricles are relaxing and filling with blood.
What is diastole?
This antiarrhythmic drug is the treatment of choice for many ventricular arrhythmias in dogs.
What is lidocaine?
A dog with a productive cough needs a medication to help loosen respiratory secretions. This class of medications is most appropriate.
What are expectorants?
This branch of the autonomic nervous system causes bronchoconstriction and increased mucus production.
What is the parasympathetic nervous system?
This mucolytic is nebulized to break down thick respiratory secretions and is also used to treat acetaminophen toxicity.
What is acetylcysteine?
This structure is known as the heart's natural pacemaker.
What is the sinoatrial (SA) node?
This loop diuretic is considered the most important drug for removing pulmonary edema associated with congestive heart failure.
What is furosemide?
A 10-year-old Cavalier King Charles Spaniel with chronic mitral valve disease develops pulmonary hypertension. The veterinarian prescribes an additional medication to decrease pulmonary vascular resistance.
What is sildenafil?
These specialized cells move mucus and trapped debris toward the pharynx.
What are cilia (mucociliary apparatus)
This drug class should be used for a dry, nonproductive cough.
What are antitussives?
This term describes the amount of blood filling the ventricle before contraction.
What is preload?
This drug class prevent formation of angiotensin II.
What are ACE inhibitors?
A cat with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy has a resting heart rate of 240 bpm.
This class of drugs may be prescribed to reduce heart rate.
What are beta-blockers?
This is the movement of air into and out of the lungs.
What is ventilation?
This respiratory stimulant is used during recovery from anesthesia to stimulate breathing.
What is doxapram?
This term describes the amount of blood ejected from the ventricle with each heartbeat.
What is stroke volume?
This positive inotrope increases calcium sensitivity and decreases both preload and afterload.
What is pimobendan?
A patient receiving chronic furosemide therapy returns for monitoring.
This electrolyte abnormality is one the veterinary team should be particularly concerned about?
What is hypokalemia?
This refers to the delivery of blood to the alveoli for gas exchange.
What is perfusion?
This bronchodilator should generally be reserved for life-threatening emergencies such as anaphylaxis because of its significant cardiovascular effects.
What is epinephrine?
A dog with severe tricuspid valve insufficiency is most likely to develop this clinical finding.
What is ascites?
This medication is commonly prescribed to cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy to reduce the risk of saddle thrombus.
What is clopidogrel?
A dog with congestive heart failure is already receiving furosemide. The veterinarian adds another diuretic to reduce the risk of hypokalemia and counteract aldosterone.