Simple Harmonic Motion
What is periodic motion?
Motion of an object that follows a repeated path in equal intervals of time.
What is an oscillation?
A complete cycle of simple harmonic motion.
What are the two major types of waves and what is their main difference?
Mechanical Wave and Electromagnetic Wave.
E&M Wave does not require a physical medium to travel through. Mechanical wave does.
What is the superposition principle of wave interference?
Superposition is the combination of two or more overlapping waves to create one new wave.
What is a node and an antinode in a standing wave?
node: point of zero displacement.
antinode: point of maximum displacement caused by superposition of 2 crests or 2 troughs.
What is Hooke's Law?
The spring force of a mass-spring system is directly proportional as the displacement of the mass from the equilibrium position (F = -kx)
How is the period of motion related to the frequency?
The period varies inversely as the frequency.
i.e. T = 1/f
What are the two types of mechanical waves? Describe the major difference in their motion.
Transverse and Longitudinal Waves.
Transverse waves vibrate perpendicular to the direction the wave is traveling, while longitudinal waves vibrate parallel to the direction the wave is traveling.
What is constructive interference and destructive interference?
Constructive interference is the superposition of two waves in which the displacements are added and result in a larger displacement.
Destructive interference is the superposition in which the displacements are subtracted and result in a smaller displacement.
If a standing wave with a wavelength of 1.2 m is between two fixed boundaries separated by a distance of 6.0 m, how many wavelengths makes up this standing wave?
5 wavelengths
For what angles of rotation is a pendulum exhibiting Simple Harmonic Motion?
Any angle of rotation less than 15 degrees
i.e. when sin(angle) is approximately equal to the angle.
What affects the period of a pendulum and the period of a mass spring?
Pendulum: Length of pendulum and acceleration due to gravity.
Mass-Spring: mass of object and spring constant of spring.
What does damping do to a wave
Decreases the amplitude of the wave as the wave travels
What is complete destructive interference and what demonstration did we use to illustrate complete destructive interference?
Interference that results in 0 displacement. We used jelly marbles to show that due to the refraction of the marbles in the water, complete destructive interference occurs between the light waves between our eyes and the water and the jelly marbles to make the jelly marbles disappear.
What did Young's double slit experiment expose about the behavior of light?
Light behaves as a wave.
Describe the Force, acceleration, and velocity of a mass on a spring at its maximum displacement from equilibrium.
Force = maximum force
Acceleration = maximum acceleration
Velocity = 0 m/s
A pendulum has a period of 1.50 s. How long is the pendulum?
0.559 m
What is the frequency of a light wave that is moving at a speed of 3.00 x 108 m/s, and has a wavelength of 525 nm?
5.71 x 1014 Hz
What causes monster waves in the ocean to appear sporadically and without warning?
Non-linear interference between multiple waves
What did de Broglie prove with his dissertation?
A mass of 0.50 kg is attached to a vertical spring causing it to stretch 150 cm. What is the spring constant of the spring?
3.3 N/m
An object with a mass of 1.25 kg oscillates on a spring. If the frequency of the motion is 10.0 Hz, what is the spring constant of the spring?
4.93 N/m
How do the energy of a wave change as the amplitude of the wave increases by a factor of 4?
The energy of the wave increases by a factor of 16.
How does fixed boundary termination and free boundary termination affect the reflection of a wave?
In fixed boundary termination, a wave is reflected with an inverted phase. In free boundary termination, a wave reflects with the same phase.
What did Einstein's Photoelectric effect expose about the nature of light?
Light behaves as both a particle and a wave (wave-particle) duality. The light wave has a frequency determined by the particle's energy, and the light particle (photon) has energy determined by the wave's frequency.