Chapter 1
Chapter 2
Chapter 3
Chapter 4/5
Chapter 5
100
People who experience a criminal act and its consequences firsthand
What is a Direct/Primary Victim
100
A civil wrong between two people
What is a tort
100
compiled by the FBI, List Part 1 and Part 2 Crimes, Eight Part one Crimes (RAM R LAMB), uses hierarchy rule when reporting (most serious crime is reported)
What is the UCR
100
Measures the number of new victims per 1,000 or 100,000 persons annually revealing the risks people face
What is incidence rates
100
Outside elements that influence behavior, including encouraging or discouraging attempts to victimize others
What are situational factors
200
The objective study of crime victims, a branch of criminology, related to the suffering of victims, the response of the CJ system, and the reaction of the public
What is Victimology
200
This honors President Reagan’s press secretary who was shot in the head by an assassin trying to kill the President, imposed computer based FBI criminal background checks on anyone seeking to buy a firearm from a federally licensed dealer
What is the Brady Bill
200
This classifies each incident in which several laws were broken solely in terms of the most serious offense that was committed
What is the hierarchy rule
200
Estimates lifetime likelihoods of an event occurring by projecting current trends into the future
What is cumulative risks
200
Theory that looks at three factors to determine the possibility of victimization 1)existence of motivated offenders 2) the availability of targets 3) the presence or absence of capable guardians
What is Routine Activities Theory
300
Family or loved ones that may be burned by a criminal act but are not immediately involved
What is an Indirect/Secondary victim
300
This person caused an Act to be put into place concerning colleges that receive federal aid. These colleges are required to maintain and disclose annual reports about crimes that occur on their campuses
Who is Jeanne Cleary
300
This reports on 46 offenses, more extensive than the other reporting systems; reports each crime committed as opposed to the most serious; Gathers data about the commission of the crime, the victim, the offender, race and ethnicity, value of the crime
What is the NIBRS
300
a mathematical picture of what is typical about the victim, the offender, and the homicide
What is a statistical portrait
300
Way of life of a group that appears to condone or even approve of the use of force to settle disputes
What is subculture of violence
400
The process of the Researcher deciding what to include and exclude when making measurements to research crimes and victims
What is operationalizing
400
set up a cold case unit within the DOJ to reopen and investigate bias-motivated murders committed before 1970
What is Emmett Till Unsolved Civil Rights Crime Act
400
public surveys conducted by the Census Bureau; reports in the form of rates per 1,000; surveys 12 years old and up; incidents of overreporting
What is NCVS
400
individuals who are preyed upon repeatedly by offenders
What are hot dots
400
Argument that victims bear some responsibility along with their offender if facilitation, precipitation, or provocation of the event occurred.
What is victim blaming
500
an ideological belief that past injustices should be traced to the present
What is victimism
500
expanded coverage of the federal government’s hate crime law and included a homosexual male beaten to death and an African American who was drug by a truck
What is Matthew Shepard and James Byrd Jr Hate Crimes Prevention Act
500
The tendency to remember traumatic events and therefore believe that a serious crime occurred more recently than it actually did
What is telescoping
500
facilitation, precipitation, provocation
What are three mistakes people make that lead to victimization
500
Argues whether it is accurate or fair to hold the targeted individual accountable for own losses or injuries inflicted by the wrongdoer.
What is victim defending
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