PPEERF/Clinical Presentation
2nd Intercostal space
Disease group characterized by reduced blood flow to the heart.
Acute coronary syndrome
Positive-sense RNA virus part of the picornaviridae family.
Coxsackie B
QT prolongation can cause what dangerous arrhythmia.
Torsades De Pointe
Long-term changes expected with viral myocarditis
myocardial fibrosis (scarring), dilated cardiomyopathy, persistent left ventricular dysfunction
Condition indicated by JVD and peripheral edema
Right Heart Failure
Hormone released in response to excess tension in the ventricles
BNP
Specific drug used for hypertension that acts on adrenergic pathway.
Metoprolol
Axis deviation for upright lead I and downward deflected aVF
Left Axis Deviation
Lifestyle change that is limited but not halted as a result of myocarditis.
physical activity/exercise
Percentage (range) of all patients with acute viral infections that may involve the myocardium
1-5%
Significant sign of heart failure measured via echocardiogram
Reduced Ejection Fraction
Transmission for Coxsackie B virus
Fecal-oral
Recount 5 steps for assessing rhythm on ECG
(1) Is each P wave followed by a QRS?
(2) Is each QRS preceded by a P wave?
(3) Is the P wave upright in leads I, II, and III?
(4) Is the PR interval between 0.12 – 0.20 seconds (3-5 small boxes)?
(5) Is the R-R interval regular?
Class of heart failure associated with comfort at rest but slight limitations in physical activity.
Class II NYHA
Potential sequelae of Myocarditis
Arrhythmia, HF, DCM, Abnormal ECG
Expected histological findings for diagnosis of acute myocarditis.
Cellular infiltrates. May include eosinophilic, granulomatous, and giant-cell myocarditis. Varying degrees of myonecrosis.
Anti-inflammatory used to treat gout
Colchicine
ST segment elevation on ECG indicates this.
Transmural damage or MI
Patient’s first name
Fiona
Damage to myocardium in the subacute stage of myocarditis is mediated by this.
T-cells, B-cells, autoimmune mediated injury
Cardiac MRI findings in the case.
Inferolateral enhancement of subepicardial myocardium.
Addictive medication administered early on to the patient in the case
Morphine
2 ECG patterns besides ST elevation that may appear in myocarditis.
sinus tachycardia, wide QRS patterns, prolonged QT, variable atrioventricular (AV) blocks and acute myocardial infarction patterns.
Special feature not found in skeletal muscle tissue responsible for coordinating contractions in cardiac muscle
Intercalated Discs