Working Out
Aerobic capacity is related to these major organs
What are heart and lungs.
Aerobic capacity depends on the fitness of the lungs, heart, and blood vessels as well as body composition.
This hormone that seems to control eating behavior and fat storage
What is Leptin?
Leptin is a hormone that seems to control eating behavior and fat storage. The obesity gene encodes for a hormone-like protein believed to play a role in determining a person’s set point for fat storage.
This is the fuel for short term energy needs
What is glycogen?
This is the most important factor for a weight loss program
What is (personal) self-motivation
A BMI greater than this number denotes increased risk for comorbidities due to obesity
What is a BMI of 30 or greater
Underweight <18.5
Healthy weight 18.5-24.9
Overweight 25-29.9
Obesity 30 or greater
This is the effect of exercise on blood lipoprotein levels
What is decrease LDLs and increase HDLs.
Exercise raises blood levels of HDLs because HDL carries surplus cholesterol from the tissues to the liver for breakdown and removal from the body. At the same time the surplus is removed, LDL levels decrease.
Dangers associated with the use of very low-calorie diets include
a. dehydration.
b. a decreased metabolic rate.
c. sleep disorders.
d. hyperactivity.
What is B
Very low-calorie diets can cause semistarvation, which causes acidosis, low blood pressure, electrolyte loss, tissue protein loss, and decreased basal metabolic rate.
These provide long term energy needs
What are glucose and fatty acids.
This food behavior is high value in a weight reduction program
What is portion control?
A BMI over 35 is termed this
What is extremely obese
Underweight <18.5
Healthy weight 18.5-24.9
Overweight 25-29.9
Obesity 30 or greater
This is the maximal attainable heart rate for a 30-year-old during exercise
What is 190 beats/min.
The maximal attainable heart rate is calculated as 220 – age. In this case 220 – 30 = 190.
Body wraps result in a loss of this
What is water?
Body wraps result in the loss of body water. Special “sauna suits” or body wrapping claim to help weight loss in certain spots of the body or clear up so-called cellulite tissue. (The term cellulite is not a scientific term.) The resulting small weight loss is caused by temporary water loss.
Required for the body to maintain a high level of steady exercise (a systemic demand for all cells)
What is sufficient oxygen?
The safe rate of weight loss for moderately overweight adults is an average of this many pounds per week
What is an average of 0.5–1 lb/week.
Obesity puts a patient at higher risk for development of these conditions
What is hypertension and diabetes?
American adults who are overweight or obese increase their risk of conditions such as hypertension; type 2 diabetes; heart disease; sleep apnea; gastroesophageal reflux; degenerative joint disease; and prostate, breast, and colon cancers.
These neurotransmitters are the "feel good" product of a vigorous work-out
What are endorphins.
Exercise stimulates the production of brain opiates, substances called endorphins. These natural chemicals decrease pain and improve mood, which may include an exhilarating kind of “high.”
Problems associated with bulimia nervosa include
a. dry skin.
b. breathing difficulties.
c. abnormal hair growth.
d. erosion of dental enamel.
What is D
Erosion of dental enamel is a result of stomach acid coating the teeth while vomiting. Additional oral problems include oral mucosal irritation, decreased salivary secretions, and a dry mouth.
The most appropriate pregame meal for an athlete would be
a. pasta with cream sauce and apple juice.
b. cheese and fruit.
c. cereal with skim milk and orange juice.
d. a bagel with cream cheese and water.
What is C
A pregame meal consisting of a bowl of cereal with skim milk and a small glass of orange juice would provide high complex carbohydrates, very little fat, moderate protein, moderate fiber, and approximately 300 kcal.
This is the caloric intake amount reduction to lose 2 pounds over a 2-week period
What is 500 kcal/day?
This is the patients BMI score and category based on there height of 4'7 and weight of 230lbs.
What is a BMI of 53 and extreme obesity
Underweight <18.5
Healthy weight 18.5-24.9
Overweight 25-29.9
Obesity 30 or greater
An athlete is planning to eat a light meal of pasta with vegetables, fruit, and yogurt before a competitive event which begins at 2:00 PM. The athlete should eat the meal between
a. 1:00 PM and 1:30 PM.
b. noon and 1:00 PM.
c. 11:00 AM and noon.
d. 10:00 AM and 11:00 AM.
What is D 10:00 AM and 11:00 AM.
An athlete should consume a light meal 3–4 hours before a competitive event, that is, between 10:00 AM and 11:00 AM for an event that begins at 2:00 PM. This schedule gives the body time to digest, absorb, and transform the meal and to store glycogen.
These are extreme weight loss measures tried by patients
What is fasting
Extreme practices to lose weight include fasting, fad diets, macronutrient restrictions, and clothing and body wraps.
An athlete who has been using anabolic steroids may be at risk for this
What is hepatitis?
Use of anabolic steroids may cause masculinization, gynecomastia, liver abnormalities including hepatitis, atherosclerosis, atrophy of the testicles and decreased sperm production, mood swings, and depression.
A sound food plan for weight loss contains this
What is a balance of macronutrients along with realistic goals, adequate nutrition and kilocalories, and cultural appeal.
This is the patients BMI score and category based on their height of 5'3 and 154lbs.
What is a BMI of 28 and "over weight"
Underweight <18.5
Healthy weight 18.5-24.9
Overweight 25-29.9
Obesity 30 or greater