Fun with Vaccines
Edward Jenner is credited with invention of the vaccine for this particular virus, although due credit should also be given to the dairy maid Sarah Nelms and the boy James Phipps.
What is smallpox?
This family is the largest and goes through cytoplasmic replication
What is poxviridae?
During the early 1980s, this virus was the unknown cause behind increasing cases of Kaposi’s Sarcoma and aggressive pneumonia in young populations. The enzyme integrase is essential for viral replication.
What is HIV?
Which virus replicates in an unusual intracellular location for its genetic classification?
What is influenza (In the nucleus)?
Describes the interplay between evolution and epidemiology when they occur on the same timescale
What is phylodynamics?
The influenza virus vaccine is updated every year to account for this mechanism of seasonal variation of influenza strains.
What is antigenic drift?
Which class of viruses requires the fewest components (proteins/nucleic acids) to be packaged in its virion?
What is +ssRNA virus?
This Matonaviridae virus is preventable though vaccination, and often manifests in the form of mild febrile illness and rash; however, is capable of causing severe birth defects if contracted by an unvaccinated person during pregnancy.
What is rubella?
This virus is a Lyssavirus that is shed in saliva of infected animals. Transmitted by the bite of the infected animal. It has 3 phases
What is rabies?
This system has the ability to distinguish between self and non-self molecules and is highly specific to a pathogen. Pathogen specific receptors are acquired during lifetime of organisms and has ability to induce memory
What is adaptive immune system?
There are two types of vaccines utilized to prevent this disease. Salk is credited for the creation of the inactivated IPV vaccine while Sabin is credited for his live attenuated OPV vaccine
What is polio vaccine?
This family is spherical, enveloped, and replicates in the nucleus of the infected cell. Its virus genome encodes 10-154 viral proteins on 8 segmented genome strands depending on the subtype. Their lipid envelope is covered in about 500 projecting spikes and contains 80% HA and 20% NA
What is orthomyxovirus?
This virus is the leading cause of liver disease globally, and is a unique member of the Flaviviridae family due to its lack of an arthopod vector.
What is Hepatitis C?
This virus is club shaped with spike glycoproteins covering the surface giving the appearance of a crown. Unusual for an RNA virus, the viral RNA is associated with the nucleocapsid protein to form a long helical nucleocapsid ribonucleoprotein.
What is coronavirus?
Abrupt emergence of a novel influenza virus that has a radically different combination of surface antigens, resulting from the reassortment of gene segments from different influenza viruses that are co infecting a host. It is rare, but can lead to the emergence of pandemic influenza strains. This ___ is known to play a more significant change that can have greater public health implications.
What is antigenic shift
The Dengvaxia vaccine will only be administered to those with confirmed prior infection of Dengue fever in order to prevent this particular syndrome.
What is Dengue hemorrhagic shock syndrome?
This type of virus is recognized in relation to cancers of the genital tract and is the most commonly sexually transmitted disease in the USA. It is a non-enveloped, icosahedral double stranded DNA virus with a strong tropism for squamous epithelial cells.
What is papillomaviruses?
This wheel-shaped virus is the most important cause of gastroenteritis worldwide, and features a capsid with a double shell.
What is rotavirus?
More closely related to rubella, this virus has 4 genotypes, affecting different regions of the world. Most common in less developed countries alongside Hepatitis A, experimental vaccines have demonstrated efficacy. However, most infections resolve without treatment and no specific antiviral therapies are available for this virus.
What is HEV?
This soluble factor protects other cells from viral infection and is virus specific. Many of these are species specific and do not directly kill viruses but act through complex and indirect mechanisms.
What is interferons?
This scientist is credited with the creation of the original rabies vaccine by means of passing the virus 90x via intracerebral injections in rabbits.
Who is Louis Pasteur?
This virus is an icosahedreal symmetry, and is a non-enveloped ssRNA (+) virus with an envelope. It has a geographical distribution similar to poliomyelitis, and transmitted through the fecal-oral route.
What is Hepatitis A?
This virus is endemic to Argentina and can cause hemorrhagic shock and multi-organ failure.
What is Junin virus?
This virus is a relatively new flavivirus, spread through the bite of an infected Aedes species mosquito, and can be passed from a woman to her fetus and can cause birth defects if infected during pregnancy.
What is zika virus?
This __ site is translated independently of the cap, and is often located in the 5’ end of viruses. This site can coincide with the shutdown of cap-dependent translations by the virus.
What is internal ribosomal entry site (IRES)?