Bacteriophage therapy
Are bacterial viruses that can be used to treat bacterial infections.
What is Bacteriophage
What do viruses always contain?
nucleic acid surrounded by a protein coat
Their only function is to infect and multiply itself
What is a virus
What is the lytic cycle
When a virus infects a cell and replicates in until the cell lyses
This virus, named Oncovirus, cause cancer
•Hepatitis B virus – liver cancer.
•Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) – cervical cancer
what is the advantage of bacteriophage therapy?
Can be used to treat acute and antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections, especially biofilm.
What is viral genome made of?
ss or dsDNA or
ss or dsRNA
What replicates the viral genome once it is inside the cell
What is host machinery
What is lysogenic cycle?
When virus hides in the host cell genome, without killing the cell.
what is a virus that can cause
chronic latent infection
•Herpes zoster virus – chickenpox and shingles
•Herpes simplex virus – cold sores and herpes
What is the advantage of bacteriophage therapy?
Phage will only attack a certain bacteria. This narrow host range exhibited by most phages limits the number of bacteria that develop phage-resistance
What structure that animal viruses have that other viruses may not have?
What is outer envelope
What allows viruses to access host cells?
What is host receptor
What are the steps' name of the lytic cycle?
Attachment, Entry, DNA replication, Protein synthesis, Assembly, lysis
What is some examples of enveloped viruses?
HIV, COVID-19, Chicken Box
What is the disadvantage of bacteriophage therapy?
Genetic material transfer: Bacteriophages may transfer genetic material to the microbiome, such as virulence factors. Especially if it was lysogenic type
Some viruses package special enzymes, Why?
These additions aid in viral replication.
What is different sets of proteins self assemble to form phage heads, tails, and tail fibers
What is Assembly
What does trigger bacteriophage leaving lysogenic to lytic cycle?
Chemical, UV radiation, lack of food,...
What is ineffective against viral disease.
Antibiotic
What is the disadvantage of bacteriophage therapy?
What type of RNA needs to be transcribed before turning into a protein?
What is Negative
What is the phage directs production of an enzyme that damages the bacterial cell wall, allowing phage to leave the cell
What is release
Prophage is a virus that is in a ______ cycle
lysogenic cycle
What type of virus can be immediately translated by the host cell and doesn't need to go to the host nucleus for replication
What is +RNA viruses