Respiratory Virus I
Influenza A, B, and C share this host.
What are humans?
Severe measles is more likely in these populations
What is severe malnutrition, vitA deficiency, pregnant, and immunocompromised individuals?
Lesions in the same stage of healing
What is smallpox (or mpox)?
Viral genetic material integrating into the host cell DNA or existing extra chromosomally with no clinical manifestation.
What is established latency?
The number of individuals infected by a diseased individual
What is Ro?
This is necessary for viral RNA to be seen as mRNA in host cytoplasm
What is a 5' cap?
Measles are spread through these (be descriptive)
What are respiratory droplets of less than 5 microns or aerosols?
The two highest risk serotypes for Papillomavirus associated cancer
What is 16 and 18?
Major difference in transmission of HSV-1 and HSV-2
HSV-1 and HSV-2 can both be spread mouth-mouth, mouth-genitals, genitals-mouth, and genitals-genitals but HSV-2 is mostly spread genital-genital.
This is an example of active natural immunity
What is infection?
Neuraminidase inhibitors
What is oseltamivir, zanamivir, and peramivir?
Cause of croup
What are parainfluenza viruses?
A DNA virus transmitted through fecal-oral route and aerosols. It can remain in latency in the kidney and present with confusion, difficulty with walking and maintaining balance, and seizures. Can be progressive and fatal
What is JC Virus (Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy)?
Latent presentation unilaterally at dermatome of infected nerve
What is Varicella Zoster virus?
This is the calculation for crude herd immunity threshold
What is 1-(1/Ro)?
Point mutations in antigen genes that may result in an epidemic.
What is antigenic drift?
Laryngotracheobronchitis presenting with "steeple sign" often seen in children ages 1-3 years.
What is croup?
Seen in sickle cell and organ transplant patients with Parvovirus
What is Severe Aplastic Anemia?
Latency occurs in myeloid lineage cells
What is HCMV (Cytomegalovirus)?
This is why a meningococcal type B polysaccharide vaccine does no work
What is similarity between viral carbohydrates and those found in brain? (The carbohydrate portion that the B cell would recognize is similar to proteins in the nucleus. )
Bacterial co-infections with Influenza
What is Staph aureus, H. influenzae, and Strep pyogenes?
What is mumps?
Mechanism of action for Mpox treatment, TPOXX (aka Tecovirimat)
Prevents exit of cell through exocytosis
Transmitted via saliva and contact with latency in B lymphocytes with association to a variety of lymphoid and epithelial cancers
What is Epstein-Barr virus?
Purified protein vaccines
What is acellular pertussis?