Heredity & Bio Evolution
What is Genetic Drift?
The random fluctuations in allele frequency between generations.
Where is the Gene located on the chromosome?
The locus
Why are humans genetically similar?
Humans recently underwent bottleneck during evolution
What are the two effects that can occur in Genetic Drift?
Founders Effect
Bottleneck Effect
What is the difference between a Genotype & Phenotype ?
Genotype: Alleles at given locus
Phenotype: Expression of alleles
% of variation between population vs % variation shared across all populations?
6-10% between population
90-94% across population
What are the 3 types of Natural Selection ?
Directional
Disruptive
Stabilizing
What’s the difference in how dominant & recessive alleles are expressed?
Dominate: Expressed in heterozygote
Recessive: Only expressed in homozygote
Difference between Concordance and Non-concordance?
con: traits that share variation pattern
non: does not share traits
What are some effects of Gene Flow?
It could increase or decrease variation between populations.
Polygenic vs Pleiotropic
Polygenic: 1 trait controlled by multiple genes
Pleiotropic: 1 gene has many effects
What are the two stress responses mentioned in the lecture?
Cultural and Adaptation
What is the result of migration?
Gene Flow
What are the 4 assumptions of HW Equilibrium?
2. random mating
3. Infinitely large population
4. No working evolutionary forces
Stress affects a person in what stages of growth?
All of them