Endocrine
Overproduction of this hormone by the anterior pituitary can lead to acromegaly in adults or gigantism in children.
What is growth hormone?
The buildup of fatty deposits in the arteries, leading to coronary artery disease, is called this.
What is atherosclerosis?
This bacterial infection of the lungs, characterized by a persistent cough, fever, and night sweats, is often screened using a Mantoux test.
What is tuberculosis?
This class of drugs, including omeprazole, is used to reduce stomach acid production in conditions like GERD.
This degenerative joint disease is characterized by the breakdown of cartilage in the joints, often leading to pain and stiffness.
What is osteoarthritis?
This hormone, produced by the adrenal medulla, is responsible for the "fight or flight" response.
What is epinephrine?
This biomarker, elevated within 3-4 hours of a myocardial infarction, is the most specific indicator of cardiac muscle injury.
What is troponin?
These laboratory studies are typically used to diagnose pneumonia in the hospital setting (name four).
What are CBC, blood cultures, sputum culture, COVID PCR, CRP, and/or procalcitonin?
This inflammatory condition of the liver is often caused by viral infection, excessive alcohol consumption, or certain medications.
What is hepatitis?
This type of fracture occurs when the bone breaks through the skin, leading to an open wound.
What is an open (or compound) fracture?
This condition, characterized by severe hypotension, dehydration, and electrolyte imbalances, occurs due to a sudden drop in cortisol and is often triggered by stress in patients with Addison's disease.
What is an adrenal crisis?
This type of pain, often associated with peripheral artery disease, occurs in the leg muscles during exercise and is relieved by rest.
What is intermittent claudication?
This respiratory condition often requires mechanical ventilation and is marked by persistent hypoxemia despite increasing levels of PEEP and FiO2.
What is ARDS?
This condition, where the lining of the stomach is inflamed and eroded, can result from chronic use of NSAIDs or alcohol consumption.
What is gastritis?
This complication is associated with administration of medication during a regional nerve block and is treated with lipid emulsion therapy.
What is LAST (local anesthetic systemic toxicity)?
This life-threatening condition, often associated with uncontrolled hyperthyroidism, is characterized by severe tachycardia, hyperthermia, and altered mental status.
What is thyrotoxicosis (thyroid storm)?
These three symptoms of cardiac tamponade are typically referred to as "Beck's Triad".
What are hypotension, muffled heart tones, and JVD?
The nurse knows that risk factors for pulmonary embolus include (name three)?
What are Virchow's Triad (conditions of stasis, hypercoagulability, and endothelial injury)?
These symptoms are associated with development of peritonitis (name four).
What are fever, tachycardia, hypotension, rigid and distended abdomen, rebound tenderness, leukocytosis, nausea and vomiting, anorexia, pain, decreased bowel tones?
These signs and symptoms are often associated with chronic osteomyelitis (name three).
What are sinus tract formation, ulceration, localized pain, and drainage (usually purulent)?
This class of medications is typically used for patients with Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuresis.
What are vasopressin receptor antagonists (e.g., "vaptans")?
This heart rhythm is characterized by a regular ventricular rate of 20-40 beats per minute, presence of p-waves, variable PR intervals, and complete atrioventricular dissociation.
What is a third degree atrioventricular block?
New onset, aggressive bubbling in the chest tube drainage system should alert the nurse to this complication.
What is displacement/dislodgement (Air leak!)?
This diet is typically recommended to patients s/p cholecystectomy to decrease the likelihood of developing post-cholecystectomy syndrome.
These pharmacotherapies are treatments for a patient with hypoxemia, diffuse petechiae, tachypnea, and altered mental status (name two).
What are oxygen, steroids, and anti-coagulants (e.g., heparin)?