Cause
The most common cause of congestive heart failure in dogs.
Mitral valve disease
Icterus and encephalopahy
Liver disease
Pimobendan, ACE inhibitors and furosemide
Congestive heart failure
aldosterone, epinephrine and cortisol
Adrenal hormones
The effect of T4 levels on TSH levels
Large breed dogs that are spayed/neutered before skeletal maturity may be more prone to this sarcoma.
Osteosarcoma
Chronic Renal Failure
Leviteracetam, phenobarbital and midazolam
Epilepsy/Seizures
seizure lasting longer than 5 minutes, or two or more seizures without regaining consciousness between them
status epilepticus
The effect of glucosuria on urine specific gravity
Glucose is an osmotic diuretic - leads to low urine SG
This is an underlying disease process that is linked to the formation of saddle thrombi in cats.
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
PU/PD, thin haircoat and a potbellied appearance
Hyperadrenocorticism
Diuresis with long term SQ fluids, low protein diets, antihypertensives
CKD
Term for a gland that secretes its products directly in the blood.
endocrine
The effect of hepatic disease on albumin levels
Liver produces albumin, it will be low with hepatic disesase
6 of 10 older dogs will have this chronic inflammation of the joints, with or without dysplasia.
osteoarthritis
Tachycardia, heart murmur, weight loss in the face of increased appetite
hyperthyroidism
SAMe, milk thistle and ursadiol
Hepatic disease
Any new growth that rapidly grows, invades tissue and affects its function, and spreads to other parts of the body
malignant neoplasm
The difference between diuresis and dialysis
diuresis flushes the toxins out through the kidneys, or dilutes them, dialysis filters them out directly
Genetics that cause a short legged dog to have a long spine can lead to this disease.
IVDD
Hemoabdomen or pericardial hemorrhage
Hemangiosarcoma
SGLT2 inhibitors
type II diabetes mellitus in cats
The complete removal of a mass or tumor with the intention of submitting it to microscopic examination.
excisional biopsy
How treating hyperthyroidism can unmask underlying renal disease
Hypertension delivers increased blood flow to the kidneys, remove it by treating hyperthyroidism and the kidneys fail