Verbs
Can you give an example of an agent and patient for the verb "measure"?
Examples:
Architect measure room.
Tailor measure fabric.
Chef measure flour.
True or False: There is no moderate cueing based on the original model of VNeST
True
What is the primary goal of VNeST treatment?
The main goal of VNeST is to improve word retrieval and sentence construction skills in individuals with aphasia.
In a study adapting VNeST for Korean, what dosage of treatment was used, and what did the findings suggest?
In the study adapting VNeST for Korean, a dosage of 45–50 minutes per session, two times per week, was used. The findings from this study suggested improvements at this dosage, although they did not test generalization to discourse.
Name 2 facts about either participant 1 or 2 (e.g., age, dominant hand, years of education, years s/p stroke, etc.)
P1: 49 year old R handed woman w/ 16 years of education
4 years s/p initial left MCA CVA involving entire left frontal lobe, then later small R CVA
P2: 49 year old right handed woman w/ 12 years of education.
9 months s/p left MCA CVA
If you were given the agent "plumber" and the patient "sink", what would you guess is the verb?
Example: "repair" or "fix"
How can maximal cues be adapted to support individuals?
If an individual is struggling with maximum cues, you can reduce the number of choices from four to two, with one foil and one correct response.
When might VNeST be less suitable for individuals with aphasia?
VNeST may not be ideal for those with global aphasia, severe apraxia of speech, significant comprehension difficulties, or specific conditions like Wernicke's aphasia, and more evidence is needed for such cases.
True or false:
Writing/typing was not beneficial for treatment results
False. In one of the studies, participants who received VNeST adapted for computer use, which included writing, showed improved typed noun naming and typed verb naming.
Name one of the authors for this article
Edmonds & Babb (2018)
Exist -- "the tree exists"
Arrive -- "the train arrives"
Rain -- "it is raining"
When may writing responses be appropriate with VNeST?
If someone has difficulty with spoken output (ex. produced a lot of neologisms) or has severe AOS, but they can express themselves more effectively with writing.
What is the role of thematic roles in VNeST?
Thematic roles are nouns related to verbs that specify who is performing the action (agent), the receiver of the action (patient), the location of the action, and the instrument used.
How often and for how many hours per week did participants typically receive VNeST treatment in the studies discussed?
3 to 3.5 hours per week, using 10 verbs in most cases
Describe one of the RQs for this study AND why this question is relevant to learning about VNeST as a treatment approach
RQ1: What is the magnitude of change as measured by effect size (d) from baseline to posttreatment on probe sentences containing trained stimuli and untrained stimuli?
RQ2: What is the magnitude of change as measured by effect size (d) from baseline to maintenance on sentence probes with trained and untrained stimuli?
RQ3: Is there a change of slope from the baseline to the treatment phase for probe sentences containing trained and semantically related untrained stimuli as measured by a C statistic?
RQ4. Is there increased pre- to posttreatment performance on:
A. Single Word Naming and Object & Action Naming Battery
B. ASPT from the NAVS
C. CIUs in discourse
D. Participant and proxies’ ratings on the CETI
RQ5. Do errors on lexical retrieval evolve to reflect responses closer semantically and/or phonemically to the target?
True or False
We want the clients to come up with diverse agent/patient so we don't get bored doing VNeST with our clients.
"More diverse responses such as chauffeur/limousine, Danica Patrick/race car, soldier/tank might be produced, providing an opportunity for diverse modifications of the neural networks underlying semantic representations of potential agents and patients" (Edmonds, 2016).
Is socratic questioning be appropriate for VNeST?
Socratic questioning can be useful!
What is the primary theory that VNeST is based on?
VNeST is primarily based on theories of event memory that involve neurological networks of verbs and related nouns. These networks, known as verb networks, "wire" together through use and world knowledge.
True or False:
Preliminary evidence of efficacy in VNeST studies indicates improved lexical retrieval abilities across single words, sentences, and discourse in individuals with a range of aphasia types and severities.
True
If you were designing the next research study on VNeST based on the findings of this article, what questions would you ask/what information would you try to find out?
-
Should we even use VNeST? What about SFA?
Consider
- Aphasia severity
- Client goals
- Compensatory or restitutive tx?
- Therapeutic outcomes
True or False:
Pictures are always used when adminstering VNeST
False.....
"Pictures are not used because they can constrain the concept’s meaning to what is im- aged, and thus potentially limit responses, including personal accounts." (Edmonds, 2016)
HOWEVER pictures were used in Kwag et al study and participants still benefited from treatment!
What is the importance of selecting diverse scenarios in VNeST?
Selecting diverse scenarios in VNeST is vital because it promotes the spreading activation to untrained neurological networks, which leads to facilitating generalized word retrieval in sentences and discourse.
What language adaptation of VNeST was evaluated in a study involving monolingual Korean speakers diagnosed with aphasia, and what was one the treatment modifications made in this adaptation?
Korean
adjusting the word order to match Korean's verb-final syntax, using pictures to illustrate actions, and employing wh-questions for all agent-verb-patient scenarios, among other changes.
Compare the findings for Participant 1 vs Participant 2. Name one similarity AND one difference
Overall: both participants responded to treatment, with P1 exhibiting limited effects and P2 exhibiting more widespread effects.
Treatment modification in protocol between P1 and P2