Atoms
the outermost level of electrons
what is valence electrons
when electrons are shared between 2 atoms
what is single covalent bond
when two or more elements or compounds (reactants) combine to form a single compound (product).
combination reaction
6.02x1023
what is Avagadro's number
mixture in which the substances are not visible as separates
homogeneous mixtures
the formation of atoms in a straight structure
what is linear structure
when 4 electrons are shared between 2 atoms
what is double covalent bond
when a single compound breaks down into two or more elements or new compounds. These reactions often involve an energy source such as heat, light, or electricity that breaks apart the bonds of compounds.
decomposition reaction
mass of a given substance, divided by its amount of substance
molar mass
mixture in which the substances are visible as separates
heterogeneous mixture
the structure of 3 atoms in a pointed structure
what is trigonal planar structure
when 6 electrons are shared between 2 atoms
what is triple covalent bond
when one element is substituted for another element in a compound. The starting materials are always pure elements, such as a pure zinc metal or hydrogen gas, plus an aqueous compound.
single-replacement reaction
unit of measurement for amount of a substance
mole
maximum dissolving capacity
saturated solution
found in the cloud around the nucleus of an atom
what is electrons
chemical bond that involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms
covalent bond
the exchange of bonds between two reacting chemicals and results in the creation of products with similar affiliations.
double-replacement reaction
the ratio of moles of one substance to the moles of another substance in a balanced equation
mole ratio
over the maximum amount of solubility capacity
supersaturated solution
structure of 4 or more atoms
tetrahedral structure
the electrostatic attractive force between conduction electrons (in the form of an electron cloud of delocalized electrons) and positively charged metal ions
metallic bond
In a chemical reaction, substances (elements and/or compounds) called ________ are changed into other substances (compounds and/or elements) called ________. You can’t change one element into another in a chemical reaction — that happens in nuclear reactions.
reactants and product
"The ______ _______ of a compound may be defined as the formula which specifies the number of atoms of various elements present in the molecule of the compound."
molecular formula
less than the maximum amount of solubility capacity
unsaturated solution