A
the total amount of dissolved salts in a water sample.
Salinity
the flow of cooler air from over an ocean or lake toward land.
sea breeze
the amount of water vapor in a given volume of air.
humidity
a front where warm air moves over cold air and brings drizzly rain followed by warm, clear weather.
warm front
a small storm often accompanied by heavy rain and frequent thunder and lightning.
thunderstorm
a large stream of moving water that flows through oceans.
Current
Instrument used to measure rainfall
rain gauge
a tropical storm that has winds of about 119 km/hr or higher.
hurricane
any form of water that falls from the clouds and reaches Earth.
precipitation
a rapidly whirling funnel-shaped cloud that reaches down to touch Earth’s surface.
tornado
What tool measures air pressure
Barometer
the effect of the Earth’s rotation on the direction of winds and currents.
Coriolis Effect
the temperature at which condensation begins.
dew point
a boundary between air masses that don’t move, possibly causing rain for several days.
stationary front
a front where cold air moves under warm air, which is less dense, and pushes air up and produces thunderstorms, rain, or snow.
cold front
the movement of a fluid caused by the difference in temperature that transfers heat from one part to another.
Convection current
the measurement of how much mass a substance has in a contained volume.
density
a dome of water that sweeps across the coast when a hurricane lands.
storm surge
a huge body of air that has similar temperature, humidity, and air pressure at any given height
air mass
measures the speed of the wind
anemometer
winds that blow steadily from specific directions over long distances.
Global Winds
a strong, narrow current that flows briefly from the shore back toward the ocean through a narrow opening.
rip current
Instrument that measures humidity
Hygrometer
a front where a warm air mass is caught between two colder air masses that brings cool temperatures and large amounts of rain or snow.
occluded front
has a wet and dry bulb and measures relative humidity and dew point
sling psychrometer