Language & Language Development
What is the definition for oracy?
The ability to express one’s self well in speech. Also can denote the oral skills used in formal education, particularly around reading and writing. Oracy has three main components: language structures, vocabulary, and dialogue.
What is the definition for cooperative learning?
A process in which small groups of students collaborate and interact to accomplish a specific learning task or activity
What is the definition for total physical response (TPR)?
A language teaching approach in which students physically respond to language input (e.g., commands) to internalize the meaning and demonstrate their comprehension of the language
What is the definition for language progressions?
Statements that outline the language expectations for ELLs at each level of English language proficiency associated with specific standards and academic tasks
What is the definition for wait time?
The period of time after a question has been posed during which students can think and formulate answers in their head before being required to answer aloud. Particularly important for ELLs who may need extra time to process input and formulate output in their second language.
What the definition for minimal pairs?
Words that differ by a single phoneme (e.g., sand/hand, bit/bet, rag/rat), typically used to help students distinguish specific sounds that change the meanings of words and help students improve their pronunciation
What is SOLOM-R (Student Oral Language Observation Matrix-Revised)?
An assessment of students’ oral language proficiency using an analytic scoring rubric that focuses on the aspects of comprehension, fluency, vocabulary, pronunciation, and grammar. The original version, developed by bilingual teachers in Southern California in the 1980s, has been revised for this book by the author to reflect current understanding of oral language development and to focus on what ELLs can do at each level.
What is the definition for recasts?
A variety of ways a speaker can indirectly provide corrective feedback for a conversation partner by repeating the partner’s utterance in a positive and reinforcing manner that models correct usage
What the definition for silent period?
A period of time many new learners of a second language go through before they feel comfortable speaking in the new language
What is total physical response (TPR) ?
A language teaching approach in which students physically respond to language input (e.g., commands) to internalize the meaning and demonstrate their comprehension of the language
What is the definition for prompts?
A variety of ways a speaker can directly or indirectly provide feedback in a manner that prompts his or her conversation partner to correct an error.
What the definition for conversational discourse?
The ways speakers use language for extended, back-and-forth, and purposeful communication
What is the definition for the word initiatives?
The definition for the word initiatives is new plans or strategies.
What is the definition for corrective feedback?
Various forms of feedback to language learners designed to help them recognize and correct errors in their language production
What is an antonym for the word transport?
The antonynm for the word transport is remain.
What is SOLOM-R (Student Oral Language Observation Matrix-Revised)?
An assessment of students’ oral language proficiency using an analytic scoring rubric that focuses on the aspects of comprehension, fluency, vocabulary, pronunciation, and grammar. The original version, developed by bilingual teachers in Southern California in the 1980s, has been revised for this book by the author to reflect current understanding of oral language development and to focus on what ELLs can do at each level.
What is the definition for productive talk move?
A range of strategies that teachers use to scaffold effective classroom discussions