Social sciences
based on observation or experience, not just ideas or theory.
Empirical
This field of social science studies human cultures, past and present.
Anthropology
“an informal rule of behavior” in a group or society.
Social norm
the way a person acts or conducts themselves.
Behavior
“the set of subjects” that students study in a course or program.
Curriculum
“proposed explanation” that scientists test with research.
Hypothesis
“the social behavior and norms” shared by a group of people.
Culture
“the arrangement of society into layers or groups” based on wealth or status.
Stratification
"the mental process of gaining knowledge” through thinking and experience.
Cognition
the methods and practice of teaching.
Pedagogy
“a detailed examination” of something, often done after collecting data.
Analysis
This is an object made by humans, usually with cultural or historical importance.
Artifact
These are “statistical data about a population,” like age, gender, or income.
Demographics
the ability to see, hear, or become aware of something through the senses.
Perception
“the process of evaluating” a student or program, such as tests or projects.
Assessment
This word describes research that focuses on numbers and quantity, like statistics and measurements.
Quantitative
This is the scientific description of the customs of a group or culture, often written after fieldwork.
Ethnography
This process makes an area more city‑like, with more buildings and people.
Urbanization
“the combination of characteristics” that makes each person unique.
Personality
“the shape and physical features” of the land in an area.
Topography
“a typical model or framework” that guides how scientists think about a subject.
Paradigm
This idea says that people’s beliefs and actions should be understood within their own culture, not judged by another.
Cultural relativism
“unequal opportunities and rewards” for different social groups.
Inequality
the capacity to recover quickly from problems, stress, or trauma.
Resilience
This process happens when businesses and organizations operate on an international scale and countries become more connected.
Globalization