Normal Voice
This is the primary muscle responsible for inspiration during speech breathing.
What is the diaphragm
This is a basic acoustic measurement used to assess vocal function and efficiency through duration- the patient is asked to sustained phonation of a vowel
What is maximum phonation time (MPT)
Name the three classification systems we have used to classify voice disorders
What are: Functional, Organic, and Neurogenic
This approach uses a relaxed exhalation with descending pitch.
What is yawn-sigh
This treatment approach is one of the "gold standard" treatments for those with PD and focuses on INTENT
What is Speak Out!
This pressure below the vocal folds is required to initiate phonation
What is subglottal pressure
This acoustic measure corresponds to perceived pitch.
What is fundamental frequency
Why is it important for a clinician to wait for medical assessment results before formal diagnosis and treatment?
What is to avoid misdiagnosis and/or causing harm to the vocal mechanism.
This approach introduces noise to elicit reflexive louder speech
What is masking
This therapy uses systematic exercises to strengthen and balance the laryngeal musculature
What are vocal functional exercises (VFEs)
This principle explains how aerodynamic forces contribute to vocal fold vibration.
What is the myoelastic-aerodynamic theory?
This refers to the "ripple like" movement of the mucosa over the vocal fold body
This is a functional voice disorder characterized by the false vocal folds phonating.
Ventricular Dysphonia
This approach targets resonance and airflow with production of /m/, /n/, and humming
What is nasal glide stimulation
This treatment approach works to systematically strengthen the muscles of respiration with use of a specialized device
What is Expiratory Muscle Strength Training (EMST)
This intrinsic laryngeal muscle is primarily responsible for increasing pitch.
What is the cricothyroid muscle
This type of instrumental evaluation assesses vibratory function of the vocal folds
What is (laryngeal) stroboscopy
These are large fluid-filled lesions usually present unilaterally on the vocal folds and are acquired due primarily due to vocal misuse/abuse
What are vocal fold polyps
This technique uses gentle external pressure to adjust laryngeal position and thus vocal fold functioning during phonation
What is digital manipulation
This therapy approach focuses on forward resonance and minimal vocal fold impact stress
What is Resonant Voice Therapy (RVT)
This branch of the Vagus Never (CN X) controls vocal fold adduction/abduction.
What is the recurrent laryngeal nerve
According to ASHA, this acoustic measure is most associated with perceived voice quality and harmonic structure and is best at detecting the severity of dysphonia
What is Cepstral Peak Prominence (CPP)
A breakdown in resonance balance can result in these two contrasting disorders one with excessive nasal sound resonance and one with diminished nasal sound resonance.
What are hypernasality and hyponasality
This VFA is used to decrease vocal fold tension by teaching the client to temporarily speak in a low pitch
What is glottal fry
This technique aids those with MTD and "pressed" voice by reducing hyperadduction through promotion of increased airflow
What is flow phonation