4.1
How did the Fur Trade benefit the Europeans?
- They got furs
- They made money
1300 delegates from _____ First Nations communities agreed to sign a peace treaty and live in harmony with each other and with the French colonists and traders
40
How long is the Hudson Bay Company free from ice every year?
Half a year or about 6 months
What were the 2 companies that competed at the Fur Trade?
The Hudson Bay Company and the Northwest Company
How did the Fur Trade benefit the First Nations?
- Got metal goods
- Got items they thought were useful
- E.g. cloth, pots, knives, axes, copper wire, guns
What years did Pierre La Vérendrye travel?
1731-1743
What were the French and English relationships with the First Nations?
French- Mostly Positive
English- Mostly Positive
How are people considered Metis?
If they have a European parent and a First Nations parent
How did the Barter system work?
In the barter system goods are traded for other goods
What was Pierre La Vérendrye's relationships with the First Nations?
He made alliances with First Nations
Who owned the Fur Trading companies?
French- Independent Fur Trading companies
English- Hudson"s Bay Company had a monopoly
How did Alexander Mackenzie reach the Pacific Ocean?
He travelled up the Peace River and down the Bella Coola River
What roles did First Nations women play in the fur trade?
Prepared furs
Worked in the forts (translators etc…)
Worked “on the road” (paddled canoes & working in the camps)
Shared language and geography skills
How far west did Pierre La Vérendrye travel?
He went as far west as the Rockies
How did the furs get back to the mother country?
French- Across the land, then through the Great Lakes, then the St. Lawrence River
English- Via Hudson Bay
Interpreters, Suppliers of provisions, Voyageurs, and Workers at forts
What were the 3 major groups involved in the Fur Trade?
First Nations, Merchants, Coureurs de Bois/Voyageurs
What were the names of the 3 appointed certain key officials?
Jean-Baptiste Colbert, Jean Talon, and Marquis de Frontenac
What were the locations of the fur trading posts and forts?
French- Along the St. Lawrence River, Great Lakes and further along the river systems
English- At the mouths of the rivers draining into Hudson Bay and James Bay
What were the effects in the competition in the Fur Trade?
The fur prices went up and some people sold alcohol to the First Nations