Plate Tectonics
The theory of plate tectonics explains the formation, _____________________ and subduction of Earth's plates.
What is movement?
A substance that cannot be broken down into other substances.
What is an element?
This occurs when an explosive eruption hurls out a mixture of hot gases, ash, cinders and bombs
What is a pyroclastic flow?
A huge hole left by the collapse of a volcano
What is a caldera?
The scientist who gathered evidence to support his theory of Continental Drift was
Who is Alfred Wegener?
___________________ form along the boundaries of Earth's plates.
What are Volcanic belts?
A molten mixture of rock forming substances, gases, and water from the mantle
What is Magma?
Two main kinds of eruptions are
Quiet eruptions and explosive eruptions
A fountain of water and steam that erupts from the ground
What is a geyser?
When the sea floor spreads apart along both sides of a mid ocean ridge, and new crust is added, this is known as _________________________.
What is sea floor spreading?
Volcanoes often form where two ocean plates _____________________ or collide
Converge
A substance that is made of two or more elements that have been chemically combined
What is a compound?
What is Expanding gases push magma up through the pipe?
A volcanic mountain made up of volcanic ash, cinders, and bombs is called a
What is a cinder cone?
The three types of stress that can occur in the Earth's crust are
The three types of plate boundaries include
Divergent, Convergent, Transform
Magma becomes lava when it reaches a volcano’s
What is a vent?
Lava that forms smooth, ropelike coils when it hardens is called
What is Pahoehoe?
Lava that cuts through rock layers and hardens forms a feature called this
What is a dike?
Folding of Earth's crust can cause an upward and a downward fold of rocks known as _____________ and ________________.
What are anticlines and synclines?
A_________________________ is an area where material deep within the mantle rises and then melts
What is a hot spot?
As the temperature of magma increases, its viscosity
What is decreases
Fill in the Blanks: When a volcano _____________________, the ___________________ of the expanding gases pushes __________________________ from the magma chamber through the pipe until it flows or explodes out of the _____________________.
What are: erupts, pressure, magma, vent
Landforms created by magma are classified by_____________ and _________________.
What are size and shape?
Three commonly used methods of measuring earthquakes are
What are the Mercalli scale, the Richter scale, the moment magnitude scale?