Vocabulary
What is heat moving in a circle because hot material rises and cool material sinks?
Convection
What type of rock forms from magma cooling?
Igneous
Earth’s crust is broken into what that move and float on the mantle?
Tectonic plates
Which volcano is broad with gently sloping sides?
Shield volcano
Name one way scientists monitor volcanic activity.
Earthquakes, gas release, temperature, or GPS movement
What is the process of rocks being broken down into smaller pieces by wind and rain?
Weathering
What type of rock forms from heating and pressure?
Metamorphic
Where do magma chambers form?
In the mantle
Which volcano is steep and cone-shaped?
Stratovolcano
A volcano that erupts regularly or has erupted in the last 10,000 years is called?
Active
What is the process where pieces of rock and soil are moved from one place to another?
Erosion
What type of rock forms from cemented layers of sediment?
Sedimentary
What transfers energy that allows tectonic plates to move?
The inner core
Which volcano usually has more viscous magma?
Stratovolcano
A volcano active in the past but not in the last 10,000 years is called?
Dormant
What is it called when layers of sediment are dropped on top of one another over time?
Deposition
What is magma called when it cools above Earth’s surface?
Extrusive igneous
Most volcanoes are found near or on what?
Volcanoes with more gas and more viscous magma tend to be more what?
Explosive
A volcano that hasn’t erupted in 10,000 years and has no magma chamber is called?
Extinct
What does viscosity describe?
How thick or runny a liquid is / how easily lava flows
What is magma called when it cools underground?
Intrusive igneous
What causes rock to move through the rock cycle?
Heat from Earth’s interior
Low viscosity lava flows how?
Quickly and easily (runny like water)
What makes volcanoes erupt?
Pressure from inside the Earth