Lava
List one hazard, or danger, to the atmosphere when a volcano erupts.
ash can affect the atmosphere by filling lungs with smoke and ash. this ash can travel to other cities/countries. the ash can block out the UV from the sun and cause dark, cold weather at strange times.
Where is the world's most active shield volcano?
Hawaii
What type of eruption do stratovolcanoes have?
What is the circular hole that forms at the top of cinder-cone volcanoes?
crater
List the 3 types of volcanoes in order from LEAST explosive to MOST explosive eruptions.
shield, cinder cone, stratovolcano
What are the tiny pieces of volcanic rock and minerals which appear like white flakes after an eruption?
ash
What is the difference between lava and magma?
magma is molten rock UNDER ground, while lava is magma that has erupted on to Earth's surface
List 3 examples of well-known stratovolcanoes.
Mt. St. Helens, Mt. Raineer, Mt. Fuji, Great Sitkin, Mt. Hood, Mt. Vesuvius, etc.
True or False: cinder cones are often found in groups on or near other types of volcanoes
True
What is the magma chamber?
This is the area in the mantle with a massive collection of magma below the earth’s crust from which magma flows out
What is the thin, runny lava that cools into ropey looking rock?
Pahoehoe
What type of eruption do shield volcanoes have?
gentle eruption
What is the volcanic mud flow of water, ash, and volcanic debris?
lahar
What is the spot where lava and other materials are ejected from a volcano?
vent
What is the part of a volcano where molten magma is released to the surface?
main vent
What is the slow, thick lava that cools into chunky blocks?
A'A
True or False: Shield volcanoes have more vents than any other type of volcano, allowing the lava to erupt from multiple spots on the volcano.
True
What is the very light, bubbly volcanic rock associated with stratovolcanoes?
pumice
What are the dark colored volcanic rock with lots of gas bubbles?
scoria
Describe how a volcano forms and erupts.
The mantle is heated up by the hot outer core. This melts the rock in the mantle, turning it into magma. Magma is lighter than the solid rock and rises, moving through vents in the Earth’s crust, causing a volcanic eruption
Describe two features that make lava an explosive hazard.
1. high vicscosity (thick and gooey)
2. silica-rich gas
3. erupt violently, so it scatters the ash far and wide
List 4 positive aspects of a volcanic eruption.
tourism, fertile soil from ash, geothermal energy, hot springs, creates new land, source of minerals
List the 4 hints that a stratovolcano will erupt soon.
earthquakes, steam, bulging/growing in size, small ash eruptions
What are the rock fragments erupted from a cinder-cone volcano?
Describe the geological process that forms a chain of islands.
Convection currents in the mantle are heating magma, causing a crack in Earth's crust to form a vent. Once a vent is formed due to extreme heat and pressure, magma rises to the ocean, and then cools down to form land. After this process repeats and continues, enough land has formed from cooled magma to create an island chain.