Volcanoes
Define Volcano
A mountain that forms in Earth's crust when molten material, or magma, reaches the surface.
Define Convergent Boundaries
Two plates collide, or converge.
When plates move apart, or diverge.
Define Hot Spot
An area where material from deep within Earth's mantle rises through the crust and melts to form magma.
Fill in the blank: Magma is a molten mixture of __________________,
________________, and __________ from the mantle.
1. rock-forming substances
2. gases
3. water
Fill in the blank : Mid-Ocean Ridges form long underwater mountain ranges that sometimes have a ______________________ down their center.
Rift valley
Define Belt
At what kind of boundaries do volcanoes occur?
Convergent and Divergent Boundaries.
Japan and New Zealand are examples of strings of volcanic islands known as?
Island arc
Fill in the blank: Volcanoes form along the ____________________, where two plates move apart.
Mid-ocean ridges.
Yellowstone National part marks the location of a huge
What is magma called once it reaches the surface?
lava
Through what process do denser plates sink into the mantle to create a deep-ocean trench
How does magma get to the surface at a divergent boundary?
Along the rift valley, lava pours out of cracks in the ocean floor.
OR
As plates pull apart, fractures form, allowing mantle rock to melt and magma to rise up to fill the void.
Fill in the blank: A volcano forms above a hot spot when magma _________________ and ____________________
1. erupts through the crust
2. reaches the surface.
Name one major belt of volcanoes.
What are the two main types of convergent boundary volcanoes?
Oceanic ( In the ocean ) + Continental ( on land )
Name an example of a divergent boundary with volcanoes.
The Mid-Atlantic Ridge (underwater) or the East African Rift (on land)
True or False: If an island moves past a hot spot, it is likely that it will erupt again.
False, once a volcano moves past a hot spot, it becomes dormant ( inactive / will not erupt again )