Vocab I
Vocab II
Fill in the Blank
Earthquake
100
Avalanches of hot, glowing molten rock that flow on cushions of hot gases down a side of a volcano are called
pyroclastic flows
100
A powerful sea wave that begins over an ocean-floor earthquake
tsunami
100
More silica makes magma ________ and _____ explosive.
thicker; more
100
What kind of waves do earthquakes transmit?
seismic waves
200
Lava that has cooled in midair after an eruption is called
tephra
200
Large vibrations that move through rock or other Earth materials is called
earthquake
200
Seismographs approximate the location of an _____ by measuring the arrival times of the different waves
epicenter
200
Identify the type of fault:
it is caused by compression forces, rock above the fault moves upward compared to rock below the fault.
reverse fault
300
This scale measures the intensity of an earthquake
Mercalli intensity scale
300
The measure of energy released by an earthquake
magnitude
300
More iron and magnesium make magma _____ and _____ explosive.
thinner; less
300
Which waves cause particles to vibrate at right angles to the direction in which they are moving?
S-waves (secondary waves)
400
Occurs when rocks strain and then break, the broken pieces snap back.
elastic rebound
400
The slowest moving waves that cause the most damage during an earthquake
surface waves
400
Basaltic lava causes the broad, gently sloping sides of a _____ volcano.
shield
400
List the three main types of volcanoes.
Shield; Composite; Cinder
500
Fracture that occurs where rocks break which results in movement in opposing sides
fault
500
Describes the ability of structures to stand up against vibrations caused by an earthquake
seismic-safe
500
The farther apart the arrival times of the different waves are, the _____ away the earthquake is.
farther
500
Identify the type of fault:
it is caused by shear forces, rock on either side of the fault moves horizontally in opposite directions.
strike-slip fault