Earthquakes
Waves
Faults and Volcanoes
Volcanoes continued
Scales and Volcanoes
100
vibrations cause by the rupture and sudden movement of rocks along a break or a crack in Earth's crust
What is an earthquake
100
energy that travels as vibrations on and in Earth
What is a seismic wave
100
forces pull two blocks of rock apart. The block of rock above the fault moves down relative to the rock below the fault. These kind of fault is located at a divergent boundaries
What is a normal fault
100
a vent in Earth's crust through which molten rock flows
What is a volcano
100
measure magnitude, uses the amount of ground motion at given distance from an earthquake to determine magnitude, each increase of 1 unit on the scale represents ten times the amount of ground motion recorded on a seismogram
What is the Richter Magnitude Scale
200
the location on Earth's surface directly above an earthquake's focus
What is an epicenter
200
a type of seismic wave that causes particles to move at right angles relative to the direction the wave travel. These waves arrive second to a seismometer
What is secondary wave
200
two blocks of rock slide horizontally past each other in opposite directions. This kind of fault is located at transform boundaries.
What is a strike-slip fault
200
a large volcano with gentle slopes of basaltic lava, common along divergent plate boundaries and oceanic hot spots
What is a shield volcano
200
evaluates the damage that results form shaking, shaking is directly related to earthquake intensity, measure earthquake intensity bases on descriptions of earthquake's effects on people and structures
What is the Mercalli Scale
300
a scientist that studies earthquakes
What is a seismologist
300
a type of seismic wave which causes particles in the ground to move in a push-pull motion similar to a coiled spring. These waves arrive first to a seismometer
What is a primary wave
300
forces push two blocks of rock together. The block of rock above the fault moves down relative to the block of rock below the fault. This kind of fault is located at convergent plate boundaries
What is a Reverse Fault
300
a location where volcanoes form far from plate boundaries
What is a hot spot
300
measures the total amount of energy released by the earthquake, the energy released depends on the size of the fault that breaks, the motion that occurs along the fault, and the strength of the rocks that break during an earthquake
What is the Magnitude Scale
400
a location inside Earth where seismic waves originate and rocks first move along a fault and from which seismic waves originate
What is the focus
400
a type of seismic wave that causes particles in the ground to move up and down in a rolling motion. These waves cause that most damage
What is a surface wave
400
a crack or fracture in Earth's lithosphere along which one block of rock moves toward, away from, or past another
What is a fault
400
a small, steep-sided volcano that erupts gas-rich, basaltic lava
What is a cinder cone volcano
400
magma that erupts onto Earth's surface
What is lava
500
an instrument that measures and records ground motion and can be used to determine the distance seismic waves travel
What is an seismometer
500
a graphical illustration of seismic waves
What is a seismogram
500
tiny particles of pulverized volcanic rock and glass
What is volcanic ash
500
a large, steep-sided volcano that results from explosive eruptions of andesitic and rhyolitic lavas along convergent plates
What is a composite volcano
500
molten rock stored beneath Earth's surface
What is magma
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