Magma is under the surface and lava is on or above the surface
100
Does high viscosity flow slow or fast?
Slow
100
What is an element?
An element is a substance that cannot be broken down into other substances.
100
Name the three types of volcanoes
Cinder cone, composite, and shield
100
What are the three life cycles of a volcano and when will they erupt?
Active, Dormant, and Extinct
Active = Erupting or will erupt in the near future
Dormant = expected to become active in the near future
Extinct = Unlikely to erupt again
200
What determines the viscosity of magma?
Temperature and silica content
200
Does low viscosity flow fast or slow?
Fast
200
What is a compound?
A compound is a substance made of 2 or more elements
200
How do cinder cone mountains form and from what type(s) of eruptions?
Lava, cinders, bombs, and ash build up around a vent in a steep, cone-shaped hill or small mountain and from explosive eruptions
200
What is the Ring of Fire?
The Ring of Fire is a volcano belt that circles the Pacific Ocean. It formed when fractured crust and the plate boundaries along the Pacific plate allowed magma to break through to the surface.
300
What is Pohoehoe? Is it fast or slow? Low or high Viscosity? What is the temperature?
Pohoehoe is hot, fast-moving lava with low viscosity.
300
What is viscosity?
The resistance of a liquid to flowing
300
What are some examples of elements and compounds?
Elements: Gold, silver, copper, diamond (many more)
Compounds: Salt and water (many more)
300
How do shield volcanoes form and from what type(s) of eruptions?
Thin layers of lava pour out of a vent and harden on top of previous layers and from quiet eruptions
300
What is a hot spot?
An area where material from the mantle rises up.
400
What is Aa? Is it fast or slow? Low or high Viscosity? What is the temperature?
Aa is cool, slow-moving lava that has high viscosity
400
What viscosity is the magma if there is a quiet eruption?
Low viscosity because lava with low viscosity oozes quietly from the vent and can flow for many kilometers.
400
What are some examples of physical properties?
Color, hardness, density, mass, and melting/boiling point
400
How do composite volcanoes form and from what type(s) of eruptions?
Lava flows alternate with explosive eruptions of ash, cinder, and bombs and from both types of eruptions.
400
What is geothermal activity?
Where magma heats the ground water in places like hot springs an geyser.
500
*Bonus: Not on test
When magma clogs the pipe of a volcano, what does it make?
A volcanic neck.
500
What viscosity is the magma/lava if there is an explosive eruption? Why?
High viscosity because it builds up in the volcano’s pipe, plugging it. The trapped gases build up pressure until they explode.
500
What are some examples of chemical properties?
Rusting, chemical reactions, or burning (cooking)
500
How do calderas form?
Enormous eruptions empty the main vent and the magma chamber beneath a volcano. The mountain becomes a hollow shell. With nothing to support it, the top of the mountain collapses inward, forming a caldera.
500
What can geothermal activity make/produce?
Heat and electricity through heating of water and steam.