Volcanic Eruptions
Volcanoes' Effect on the Earth
Cause of Volcanoes
Types of Volcanoes
Vocabulary
100
Relatively calm outpourings of lava, called lava flows.
What are nonexplosive eruptions?
100
The funnel-shaped pit at the top of most volcanoes.
What is a crater?
100
Prevents rock from becoming liquid.
What is pressure?
100
Built out of layers of lava from repeated nonexplosive eruptions.
What are shield volcanoes?
100
Deep cracks that form between tectonic plates as they seperate.
What are rifts?
200
Clouds of hot debris and gases shooting out of a volcano at supersonic speeds.
What are explosive volcanoes?
200
The result of a magma chamber roof collapsing, forming a large, circular depression.
What is a caldera?
200
Where most of the world's volcanoes on land.
What is the Ring of Fire?
200
Made entirely of pyroclastic material from moderately explosive eruptions.
What are cinder cone volcanoes?
200
Holes in the Earth's crust that magma rises through.
What are vents?
300
Blocky, Pahoehoe, Aa, & Pillow.
What are types of lava?
300
The landform created by runny lava that solidifies and can cover thousands of square kilometers.
What is a lava plateau?
300
The movement of one plate under another.
What is subduction?
300
Made from alternating layers of pyroclastic material and lava.
What are composite volcanoes?
300
magma that flows onto the Earth's surface.
What is magma?
400
Volcanic blocks, Volcanic bombs, Lapilli, & Volcanic ash.
What are types of pyroclastic material?
400
Less sunlight, lower temperatures, and worldwide food shortages.
What are effects of volcanoes?
400
Places on the Earth's surface that are directly above mantle plumes.
What are hot spots?
400
Steep slope with a narrow base.
What is the shape of cinder cone volcanoes?
400
The hot liquid that forms when rock partially or completely melts.
What is magma?
500
A basic building block in most materials that makes magma thick and stiff.
What is silica?
500
Forms when the gases in stiff magma expand rapidly and the walls of the gas bubbles explode into tiny slivers; can block out the sun for days.
What is volcanic ash?
500
Volcanoes that have erupted in recorded history but are not erupting now.
What are dormant volcanoes?
500
Broad base with sides that get steeper towards that summit.
What is the shape of composite volcanoes?
500
Mountains that form when magma is forced to the Earth's surface.
What are volcanoes?
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