Anesthesia Drugs
Name a schedule II controlled substance.
Hydromorphone, Fentanyl, Morphine, Methadone
You are monitoring anesthesia in a horse and the heart rate is 36 bpm. How would you classify this heart rate?
Normal
What is the pH of blood?
7.4
What is an accumulation of air in the pleural space causing a marked reduction in ventilation and may collapse the lungs?
Pneumothorax
Hetastarch, Plasma, Albumin
List 1 similarity and 1 difference of Butorphanol and Buprenorphine
Both opioids, can both be given IV
Buprenorphine offers better analgesia and can be given both transdermal and transmucosally in cats, has a longer onset but also a longer duration of action, schedule III controlled substance
Butorphanol offers better sedation, has anti-tussive effects, and a quicker onset but a shorter duration, Schedule IV controlled substance
Due to the weight of their abdominal organs, especially the rumen, cattle are prone to this during anesthesia:
Shallow, Rapid Respirations
A cat you are treating for diabetes with ketosis and kidney disease is most likely to have which acid- base imbalance?
Metabolic Acidosis
Which snake is from the southeast US, mainly Florida, and produces a potent neurotoxin with no antiventin?
Coral
What is the daily maintenance rate commonly used in cats?
40 ml/kg/day
Which of the drug should be avoided in Stallions and Bulls due to priapism?
Acepromazine
Which arrhythmia has a PR interval that is longer than normal but the same interval each time. There is a p wave for every QRS complex.
First Degree Heart Block
You are monitoring a mixed breed dog who is hyperventilating and has become hypocapnic with a ETCO2 of 25 mmHg. What condition would you expect secondary to this?
Respiratory Alkalosis
Which arrhythmia does the SA node keep trying to send an impulse but it is not transmitted to the AV node. A back up pacemaker starts in the ventricle to cause ventricular contractions. P waves and QRS complexes are present but completely independent of each other
Third Degree AV block
What is the daily maintenance rate commonly used in horses?
60 ml/kg/day
Name a drug that's primary use is to increase blood pressure.
Dopamine, Dobutamine
During surgery, an anesthetized 4-year-old mixed-breed dog has an expired CO2 level of 60 mm Hg. The capnometer is checked and is in good working order. HR= 80 bpm, RR= 5 brpm, eyes are vental. Which of the following is most likely to correct the hypercapnea?
IPPV or bagging to increase RR and decrease ETCO2
You are manually ventilating a patient, what condition is most likely to occur if you under-ventilate the patient? What acid base balance condition does this cause?
Hypercapnea
Respiratory Acidosis
Anticoagulant (1st/2nd generation) rodenticide poisoning is treated with:
Vitamin K
What are the 3 components of fluid loss calculations?
Daily maintenance replacement
Dehydration correction
Ongoing losses
Name an NSAID used in large animals and a species
Flunixin Meglamine, Phenylbutazone (horses only), Meloxicam, Equioxx/Firocoxib (horses only)
You are monitoring a Bloodhound under anesthesia during a mass removal, the isoflurane is at 2%. The dogs eyes are central, HR: 130 bpm, RR: 18 rpm, MAP: 98 mmHg. What should you do in addition to continuing to monitor this patient?
Increase Isoflurane
Which electrolyte is commonly elevated in both DKA patients and blocked cats that can be life-threatening?
Potassium
Antibiotics should be given to a male cat with a urinary catheter. True or False
False
Fluid Loss Problem
What is the daily fluid rate for this cow, correcting for fluid losses?
681.8 kg
1. 40, 908 mL = 40.9 L
2. 34.1 L
3. 1000 mL = 1 L
Final answer = 76 L/day
Hourly rate= 3.2 L/hr