Air Pollutants
What is the composition of air?
78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, 1% other gases
Name one effect of carbon monoxide on humans.
Causes poisoning
What is the function of a nucleus?
The nucleus controls all activities of the cell / contains DNA/genes.
How are cells in our body organised? (From simplest to most complex.)
People may organs that are unable to carry out their functions. How can this be treated?
Organ transplant / donation of organs
What does Singapore use to measure air quality?
PSI (Pollutant Standard Index)
Which pollutant produces haze and what is one effect of haze?
Particulate matter produces haze. Haze causes low visibility / respiratory problems / irritation to eyes, nose and throat.
What is the function of the cell membrane?
The cell membrane controls what enters and leaves the cell.
What is a tissue?
A tissue is formed from similar cells to carry out similar function.
"Since all cells are living, they must all look exactly the same." True or False? Why?
False, different cells have different shapes and structures to perform different functions
Carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and particulate matter.
Name one pollutant that produces acid rain, and what is one effect of acid rain?
Pollutant: sulfur dioxide or nitrogen oxides
Effect: corrodes buildings and may kill plants/animals
What is the function of the cytoplasm?
The cytoplasm is the site where more cellular activities take place.
What is an organ?
Various tissues work together to form and carry out the functions of the organ.
What is one issue that may arise from organ donation?
There may be illegal sale of tissue or organs due to high demand of these organs.
State the two sources of sulfur dioxide.
1. Volcanic eruptions
2. Burning of fossil fuels in power stations
1. Taking public transport.
2. Sharing cars / carpooling
3. Turn off idling vehicles
4. Conduct strict checks on vehicles to ensure they are working properly
5. Use hybrid / electric cars
What is a cell?
A cell is the basic unit of life.
What is the function of a red blood cell?
Red blood cell transports oxygen to all body cells.
Two buses travel the same distance.
Bus A carries 50 passengers.
Bus B carries only 2 passengers.
Which bus causes less air pollution per passenger?
Bus A because many people share one vehicle.
Which pollutants do car engines give off, and how do they do so?
1. Carbon monoxide - from incomplete burning of fossil fuel
2. Nitrogen oxides - from high temperature of the engine
Name two ways we can reduce air pollution from waste incineration.
1. Reduce, reuse, and recycle waste
2. Use biodegradable / recyclable packaging
What is the role of genes and where do we obtain them from?
Role: carry information that determines the traits / physical characteristics of a person
We obtain genes from both of our parents.
What level of cell organisation does a stomach have, and why? (e.g. cell/organ/tissue/system)
It is an organ where different tissues work together to carry out the function of a stomach to digest food. It is an organ in the digestive system.
Name one greenhouse gas and explain the greenhouse effect.
Greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide trap excessive heat from the sun and cause global warming.